20.500.12556/ReVIS-12289 Odnos do kajenja in zavedanje škodljivosti kajenja med rednimi kadilci v posavski in zasavski regiji Attitude towards smoking and awareness of the harmful sffects of skoking among regular smokers in the posavska and zasavska regions Teoretična izhodišča: Kajenje tobaka je eden vodilnih dejavnikov tveganja za razvoj kroničnih bolezni dihal, zlasti kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni (KOPB) in pljučnega raka. Kljub številnim preventivnim programom in zakonodajnim ukrepom v Sloveniji, delež kadilcev ostaja visok, predvsem v Posavski in Zasavski regiji, kjer statistike kažejo nadpovprečno razširjenost kajenja. Dolgotrajna izpostavljenost tobačnemu dimu ima dokazano škodljive učinke tudi na pasivne kadilce. Medicinske sestre imajo ključno vlogo pri zdravstveni vzgoji, odkrivanju ogroženih posameznikov in nudenju podpore pri opuščanju kajenja. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti odnos do kajenja in stopnjo ozaveščenosti o škodljivosti kajenja med rednimi kadilci v izbranih regijah ter oceniti pomen vloge medicinske sestre v procesu opuščanja. Metode: Uporabljen je bil kvantitativni raziskovalni pristop z deskriptivno metodo dela. Teoretični del temelji na analizi domačih in tujih znanstvenih virov, empirični del pa na anketnem vprašalniku, ki je bil razdeljen med 210 rednimi kadilci iz Posavske in Zasavske regije. Podatki so bili obdelani s pomočjo programa SPSS in orodja 1KA ter predstavljeni v tabelah in grafih. Rezultati: Večina respondentov se zaveda škodljivosti kajenja, vendar jih več kot pol ob opuščanju ni poiskalo nobene strokovne pomoči. Le majhen delež je podporo poiskal v delavnicah za opustitev kajenja. Kadilci najpogosteje posegajo po klasičnih cigaretah, uporaba elektronskih ali ogrevanih izdelkov pa je pogostejša med mlajšimi. Ženske so pogosteje tiste, ki so že poskusile prenehati s kajenjem. Večina kadilcev ne izraža želje po opustitvi. Nizka udeležba razpoložljivih programov kaže na slabo prepoznavnost ali nezaupanje vanje. Razprava: Kadilci v regijah z najvišjo stopnjo kajenja v Sloveniji se kljub zavedanju zdravstvenih tveganj le redko odločajo za strokovno pomoč pri opuščanju. Potrebna je okrepitev vloge medicinskih sester pri preventivnih dejavnostih, svetovanju in spodbujanju k opuščanju kajenja. Večji poudarek mora biti namenjen promociji obstoječih programov pomoči, predvsem na lokalni ravni, ob upoštevanju specifičnih potreb prebivalcev. Preventiva, zgodnje odkrivanje in zdravstvena vzgoja ostajajo ključni elementi dolgoročnega zmanjševanja škodljivih posledic kajenja. Theoretical background: Tobacco smoking is one of the leading risk factors for the development of chronic respiratory diseases, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Despite numerous preventive programs and legislative measures in Slovenia, the proportion of smokers remains high, especially in the Posavje and Zasavje regions, where statistics show above-average smoking prevalence. Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke is proven to have harmful effects on passive smokers as well. Nurses play a key role in health education, identifying at-risk individuals, and providing support for smoking cessation. The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes towards smoking and the level of awareness about the harmful effects of smoking among regular smokers in selected regions, and to assess the importance of the nurse's role in the cessation process. Methods: A quantitative research approach with the descriptive method of work were used. The theoretical section is based on analysis of domestic and international scientific sources, while the empirical section is based on a survey questionnaire distributed among 210 regular smokers from the Posavje and Zasavje regions. Data were processed using SPSS software and the 1KA surveying tool and presented in tables and graphs. Results: Most respondents are aware of the harmful effects of smoking, yet more than half did not seek any professional help when attempting to quit. Only a small proportion sought support from their personal physician or nurse. Smokers most commonly use conventional cigarettes, while the use of electronic or heated tobacco products is more common among younger individuals. Women are more likely to have already tried to quit smoking. Most smokers do not express a desire to quit, but the low utilization of available programs indicates poor awareness or lack of trust in them. Discussion: Smokers in regions with the highest smoking rates in Slovenia rarely seek professional help for a cessation of smoking, despite being aware of health risks. The role of nurses in preventive activities, counselling, and encouraging smoking cessation need to be strengthened. Greater emphasis must be placed on promoting existing support programs, particularly at the local level, while considering the specific needs of residents. Prevention, early detection, and health education remain key elements in the long-term reduction of smoking's harmful effects. Ključne besede: kajenje škodljivost kajenja bolezni dihal medicinska sestra preventiva. Keywords: Smoking harmful effects of smoking respiratory diseases nurse prevention. true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2025-09-25 18:44:13 2025-09-25 18:44:13 2025-11-12 10:07:33 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 23419 253156355 MAG_Pustovrh_Gnidovec_Maja_2025.pdf MAG_Pustovrh_Gnidovec_Maja_2025.pdf 1 749C33B808EEB53B32344670B3BF21D4 2d7d5d9a6f93ff5aee5032470541183194d41c812299b8a39e061ac54046a88e de2eacf3-9a2e-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=14378 Univerza v Novem mestu - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0