20.500.12556/ReVIS-13351 Characterization of recharge components for delineation of a highalpine rock glacier spring catchment, Ötztal Alps (northern Italy) Rock glaciers provide shallow groundwater reservoirs that affect the hydrology of alpine headwater catchments. However, quantifying and identifying their temporally dominating recharge components, as well as delineating their hydrological catchment, can be challenging. The present study makes use of a lumped-parameter rainfall-runoff model (GR4J-CemaNeige) to tackle these issues, applied at a test site in the Ötztal Alps (northern Italy). The model relies on gridded precipitation and air-temperature data and is calibrated using discharge data. Three different catchment scenarios varying in size and glacier coverage extent were modeled to determine the most likely catchment. The model's outcome was validated using oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes and electrical conductivity analyses. Three dominant recharge components were quantified by the rainfall-runoff model for the 2012–2021 period: snowmelt (607 mm/year, 56%), rainfall (443 mm/year, 42%), and glacial ice melt (25 mm/year, 2%). The rock glacier permafrost ice melt contributes less than 1% of the total annual discharge, falling within the model uncertainty range. The study demonstrates that a simple rainfall-runoff model helps to identify individual recharge components. It gives a crucial indication for the most likely delineation of a rock glacier spring catchment in a complex periglacial and glacial environment. This provides the basis for quantitatively predicting climate change impact on such highly sensitive environments. rock glacier Italy rainfall-runoff modeling catchment delineation mountain hydrology permafrost hydrology skalni ledenik modeliranje padavin in odtoka opredelitev povodja gorska hidrologija hidrologija permafrosta true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Italija; Neznano 2026-03-23 11:57:43 2026-03-23 11:57:43 2026-03-24 03:07:02 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 23. 3. 2026; 19 str. Jan. 2026 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2026-01-01 556.36 1879-2707 272625411 10.1007/s10040-025-03005-y https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10040-025-03005-y#citeas 1 1faffe20-26a7-11f1-aa40-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=15895 Bertolotti_2026_Hydrogeology_Characterization_Otztal.pdf Bertolotti_2026_Hydrogeology_Characterization_Otztal.pdf 1 39FDA1779FFCB8F018A5D37CD746DCC2 91552476ec147b09d36c389af4347a4c9e5e39534a2a87d0adf785e8d268e76a 3ba5c65f-26a7-11f1-aa40-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=15896 10040_2025_3005_MOESM1_ESM.pdf 10040_2025_3005_MOESM1_ESM.pdf 1 EFCA9CAA00AFBCEBCFBF95EEE7AE2B95 f930e24e038f950de261264c88f0c0ad65624cd95f21745c0291a45972e6880d 7cea6831-26a7-11f1-aa40-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=15897 Univerza Alma Mater Europaea 0 0 0