20.500.12556/ReVIS-13938 Higienski pristopi v vzgojno izobraževalni ustanovi Hygiene Approaches in Educational Institutions Teoreticna izhodisca: Predsolsko obdobje je kljucno za oblikovanje higienskih navad, saj so otroci zaradi razvojnih znacilnosti in nezrelega imunskega sistema bolj dovzetni za nalezljive bolezni. Higiena v vrtcu zajema osebno higieno otrok, higieno prostorov in igrac ter prehransko higieno, pri cemer je dosledno izvajanje higienskih ukrepov nujno za ohranjanje zdravja otrok. Kljucno vlogo pri izvajanju higienskih praks imajo vzgojiteljice, ki s svojim zgledom, pedagoskimi dejavnostmi, upostevanjem priporocil NIJZ-ja in sodelovanjem s starsi spodbujajo otrokovo zdravstveno vzgojo. Pomemben prispevek h krepitvi higienskih navad predstavlja tudi sodelovanje s Centrom za krepitev zdravja, kjer diplomirane medicinske sestre s preventivnimi in starosti prilagojenimi delavnicami dodatno podpirajo razvoj zdravih zivljenjsko–higienskih navad pri predsolskih otrocih. Namen raziskave je bil raziskati higienske pristope v vzgojno-izobrazevalni ustanovi predsolskih otrok. Metode: Uporabljen je bil kvalitativni raziskovalni pristop z deskriptivno metodo dela. Podatki so bili zbrani s polstrukturiranimi intervjuji sestih diplomiranih vzgojiteljic, zaposlenih v vrtcu razlicnih starostnih skupin. Zbrani podatki so bili analizirani z vsebinsko analizo, odgovori intervjuvank pa si bili kodirani in interpretirani. Vzorec je bil priloznostni in je zajemal diplomirane vzgojiteljice iz socialne mreze raziskovalke. Raziskava je potekala oktobra 2025. Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da diplomirane vzgojiteljice izvajajo razlicne pedagoske metode, s katerimi predsolske otroke ucijo higienskih navad in skrbijo, da otroci te izvajajo pravilno, starejse starostne skupine pa higienske navade izvajajo tudi samostojno. Otroci higienske ukrepe ucinkoviteje izvajajo, kadar razumejo njihov pomen in so v proces vkljuceni na igriv, interaktiven in vizualno podprt nacin. Vzgojiteljice ob pojavu okuzb sledijo protokolu za obvescanje starsev in organizatorja prehrane in zdravstveno–higienskega rezima, izvajajo dodatne preventivne ukrepe pri preprečevanju sirjenja okuzb. Kot izzive so vzgojiteljice izpostavile prihod bolnih otrok v vrtec in s tem neupostevanje priporocil ob pojavu okuzbe s strani starsev. Razprava: Ugotovitve raziskave potrjujejo pomembno vlogo diplomirane vzgojiteljice in pomocnice predsolskih otrok pri ucenju in navajanju higienskih navad ter samostojnosti pri njihovem izvajanju. Pomemben dejavnik pri ucenju predsolskih otrok predstavlja tudi sodelovanje vzgojno-izobrazevalne ustanove in Centra za krepitev zdravja. Raziskava je pokazala, da vrtec ob pojavu nalezljivih bolezni sledi jasnim protokolom, ki vkljucujejo preventivne higienske ukrepe in ucinkovito komunikacijo s starsi, kar prispeva k omejevanju sirjenja okuzb. Pomemben del zagotavljanja higienskih standardov predstavlja tudi sodelovanje vrtca z zdravstvenimi ustanovami, pri cemer uspesnost izvajanja higiene ni odvisna le od materialnih pogojev, temvec predvsem od doslednega pedagoskega pristopa in sodelovanja vseh vkljucenih deleznikov. Theoretical Background: The preschool period is crucial for the formation of hygienic habits, as children are more susceptible to infectious diseases due to their developmental characteristics and immature immune systems. Hygiene in kindergartens includes children’s personal hygiene, hygiene of premises and toys, and food hygiene, where the consistent implementation of hygienic measures is essential for maintaining children’s health. A key role in the implementation of hygienic practices is played by preschool teachers, who, through their role modelling, pedagogical activities, adherence to the recommendations of the National Institute of Public Health (NIJZ), and cooperation with parents, promote children’s health education. An important contribution to strengthening hygienic habits is also made through cooperation with the Centre for Health Promotion, where graduate nurses, through preventive and age-appropriate workshops, provide additional support for the development of healthy lifestyle and hygienic habits in preschool children. The aim of the research was to explore hygienic approaches in an early childhood education and care institution. Methods: A qualitative research approach with a descriptive method was employed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with six graduate preschool teachers employed in a kindergarten across different age groups. The collected data were analysed using content analysis, with interview responses coded and interpreted. The sample was convenience-based and included graduate preschool teachers from the researcher’s social network. The research was conducted in October 2025. Results: The results showed that graduate preschool teachers use various pedagogical methods to teach preschool children hygienic habits and ensure that these practices are carried out correctly, while older age groups also perform hygienic practices independently. Children implement hygienic measures more effectively when they understand their importance and are involved in the process in a playful, interactive, and visually supported manner. In the event of infections, preschool teachers follow established protocols for informing parents and the coordinator of nutrition and health–hygiene regimes, and they implement additional preventive measures to reduce the spread of infections. As key challenges, preschool teachers highlighted the attendance of ill children in kindergarten and the non-compliance with recommendations during infections by some parents. Discussion: The findings of the research confirm the important role of graduate preschool teachers and teaching assistants in teaching and reinforcing hygienic habits and fostering children’s independence in their implementation. An important factor in the education of preschool children is also the cooperation between early childhood education and care institutions and the Centre for Health Promotion. The research demonstrated that, in the event of infectious diseases, kindergartens follow clear protocols that include preventive hygienic measures and effective communication with parents, which contributes to limiting the spread of infections. An essential component of ensuring hygienic standards is also the cooperation between kindergartens and healthcare institutions, whereby the effectiveness of hygiene implementation depends not only on material conditions but primarily on a consistent pedagogical approach and the cooperation of all involved stakeholders. higienski pristopi higiena rok diplomirana medicinska sestra predsolski otroci. hygienic approaches hand hygiene graduate nurse preschool children. true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-06-02 15:27:39 2026-06-02 15:27:39 2026-06-03 09:00:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 24900 272331011 4218$$diplomska_naloga_higienski_pristopi_v_vzgojno_izobrazevalni_ustanovi_mojca_sirovnik.pdf 4218$$diplomska_naloga_higienski_pristopi_v_vzgojno_izobrazevalni_ustanovi_mojca_sirovnik.pdf 1 6382008700EFA9D62A914D45E00ECBF4 7cf29797904187d7902db62cf909eb4f835c43dbb6089d4b9909922ef8b392b3 d3964203-5e86-11f1-8e51-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=16904 Univerza v Novem mestu - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0