20.500.12556/ReVIS-13991 ETIČNA NAČELA RAZISKOVANJA IN NJIHOVO NESPOŠTOVANJE SKOZI ZGODOVINO ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN RESEARCH AND THEIR VIOLATIONS THROUGHOUT HISTORY Teoretična izhodišča: Raziskovalna etika je pomemben del znanstvenega raziskovanja, saj zagotavlja zaščito človekovega dostojanstva, pravic in dobrobiti udeležencev raziskav. Številne zgodovinske kršitve so pokazale potrebo po jasnih etičnih pravilih in nadzoru raziskovalne prakse. Namen pregleda literature je bil preučiti etične kršitve v raziskovanju v preteklosti ter izpostaviti sodobne izzive, s katerimi se raziskovalna praksa sooča danes. Metode: Izvedli smo sistematični pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature. Iskanje je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah Medline, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SpringerLink, COBISS in Google Scholar z uporabo ključnih besed v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku (npr. raziskovalna etika, etična načela, zgodovinske kršitve, Nürnberški kodeks, študija Tuskegee, Milgramov eksperiment). V pregled so bili vključeni znanstveni članki, objavljeni med letoma 2018 in 2025. Po pregledu 852 zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključenih 20 člankov, podatke pa smo obdelali s kvalitativno vsebinsko analizo. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 20 znanstvenih publikacij. Najvišjo raven dokazov predstavljajo sistematični pregledi literature, sledijo presečne in kvalitativne raziskave ter strokovni in pregledni prispevki. Pregled literature je pokazal, da so zgodovinske kršitve pomembno vplivale na razvoj ključnih etičnih dokumentov, kot so Nürnberški kodeks, Helsinška deklaracija in Belmontovo poročilo. Ugotovitve kažejo tudi na nove etične izzive, povezane z raziskovalno integriteto, institucionalnimi pritiski in razvojem novih tehnologij. Razprava: Ugotovitve pregleda literature kažejo, da so zgodovinske kršitve raziskovalne etike pomembno vplivale na razvoj sodobnih etičnih smernic in nadzornih mehanizmov v znanstvenem raziskovanju. Kljub temu se raziskovalna praksa še vedno sooča z različnimi izzivi, zlasti na področju raziskovalne integritete, institucionalnih pritiskov in uporabe novih tehnologij. Zato je za odgovorno raziskovanje pomembno dosledno spoštovanje etičnih načel. Background: Research ethics is an important part of scientific research, as it ensures the protection of human dignity, rights, and the well-being of research participants. Numerous historical violations have demonstrated the need for clear ethical rules and supervision of research practices. The aim of this literature review was to examine ethical violations in research in the past and to highlight the contemporary challenges faced by research practice today. Methods: A systematic review of scientific and professional literature was conducted. The search was performed in the databases Medline, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, SpringerLink, COBISS, and Google Scholar using keywords in Slovenian and English (e.g., research ethics, ethical principles, historical violations, Nuremberg Code, Tuskegee Study, Milgram experiment). Scientific articles published between 2018 and 2025 were included in the review. After screening 852 records, 20 articles were included in the final analysis. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: A total of 20 scientific publications were included in the final analysis. The highest level of evidence was represented by systematic literature reviews, followed by cross-sectional and qualitative studies as well as expert and review papers. The literature review showed that historical violations significantly influenced the development of key ethical documents, such as the Nuremberg Code, the Declaration of Helsinki, and the Belmont Report. The findings also indicate new ethical challenges related to research integrity, institutional pressures, and the development of new technologies. Discussion:The findings of the literature review indicate that historical violations of research ethics significantly influenced the development of modern ethical guidelines and regulatory mechanisms in scientific research. However, research practice still faces several challenges, particularly in the areas of research integrity, institutional pressures, and the use of new technologies. Therefore, responsible research requires consistent adherence to ethical principles. raziskovalna etika etična načela zgodovinske kršitve raziskovalna integriteta etične smernice research ethics ethical principles historical violations research integrity ethical guidelines true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-06-05 17:24:20 2026-06-05 17:24:20 2026-06-06 03:11:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 25036 4397$$almedina_poljakovic_diplomska_naloga.pdf 4397$$almedina_poljakovic_diplomska_naloga.pdf 1 66404F61C0572E85DDA3CE826F6C9EE3 7433a9def741d81b597c1a141f2aada7b436227a1fa4419e5d70f439877cc818 9fe904d8-60f2-11f1-9215-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=16960 Univerza v Novem mestu - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0