20.500.12556/ReVIS-14080 DOJENJE PO CARSKEM REZU BREASTFEEDING AFTER CESAREAN SECTION Izhodišča: Dojenje je prepoznano kot optimalni način hranjenja novorojenčka in nudi ogromno kratkoročnih in dolgoročnih koristi tako za zdravje matere kot novorojenčka. Za uspešno dojenje je zelo pomembna dobra vzpostavitev začetnega dojenja. Na uspešno začetno dojenje pomembno vpliva zgodnji stik kože na kožo, ki spodbuja hormonski odziv in posledično laktacijo, ter navezanost matere in novorojenčka. Poleg vaginalnega poroda poznamo tudi carski rez, ki je kirurški poseg, kjer se plod rodi skozi rez trebušne stene in maternice. Poznamo urgentni carski rez, ki se izvede, ko med vaginalnim porodom pride do zapletov, ki morebitno ogrožajo plod ali mater, in elektivni ali načrtovani carski rez, ki se izvede, kadar vaginalni porod predstavlja večje tveganje za plod ali mater. Namen diplomske naloge je preučiti dejavnike, ki vplivajo na uspešnost dojenja, ter intervencije, ki spodbujajo vzpostavitev dojenja po carskem rezu. Metode: Podatke smo pridobili s sistematičnim pregledom strokovne literature ter z analizo virov. Uporabljena je bila domača in tuja literatura, ki smo jo na osnovi izločitvenih kriterijev pridobili v podatkovnih bazah Pubmed, Springer Link, Medline, Science Direct in COBISS ter prek iskalnika Google Učenjak (Google Scholar). Za iskanje smo uporabili naslednje besedne zveze v slovenščini: dojenje, carski rez, stik kože na kožo in zdravstvena nega, v angleščini pa naslednje besedne zveze: breastfeeding, cesarean section, skin to skin in nursing. Uporabljeni so bili naslednji omejitveni kriteriji: angleški in slovenski jezik, datum objave med 2015 in 2025, recenzirani članki in prost dostop celotnega besedila. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo decembra 2025. Pri pregledu literature smo izvedli vsebinsko analizo spoznanj vključenih raziskav. Uporabili smo tehniko kodiranja in oblikovanja vsebinskih kategorij. V prizma diagramu smo predstavili potek iskanja literature. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 11 raziskav. Izbor literature je temeljil na vsebinski ustreznosti. Kakovost zbrane znanstvene in strokovne literature smo določili s pomočjo hierarhije dokazov v znanstvenem raziskovalnem delu. V raziskavo sta bila vključena dva sistematična pregleda literature, dve naključno kontrolirani raziskavi, ena nenaključno kontrolirana raziskava, dve kohortni raziskavi, dve presečni raziskavi, ena kvalitativna raziskava in en pregled literature. Vsebinske kode smo razporedili v štiri kategorije: vpliv carskega reza na dojenje, vplivi stika kože na kožo, strategije za izboljšanje uspešnosti dojenja po carskem rezu in vpliv zdravstvenega osebja na dojenje. Razprava: Carski rez je povezan s kasnejšim začetkom dojenja, nižjo stopnjo izključnega dojenja in pogostejšim prehodom na kombinirano ali nadomestno hranjenje. Glavni razlogi so predvsem pooperativna oskrba ter ločitev matere in novorojenčka, ki omejujeta zgodnji stik kože na kožo. Uspešnost dojenja po carskem rezu omejujejo fiziološki in psihološki dejavniki, ki so medsebojno povezani in vplivajo na začetek laktacije in dojenja. Zgodnji stik kože na kožo se izkazuje kot ena pomembnejših strategij pri omejevanju ovir pri dojenju, ki jih prinaša carski rez, saj spodbuja hormonski odziv ter navezanost matere in novorojenčka, ki pozitivno vplivata na uspešnost začetka dojenja. Pomembno vlogo ima tudi podpora zdravstvenega osebja, ki lahko z aktivno podporo in pomočjo, svetovanjem ter organizacijo oskrbe bistveno izboljša rezultate dojenja. Carski rez sam po sebi ne onemogoča dojenja, vendar je za uspešen začetek in vzdrževanje dojenja potrebna celostna podpora, ki vključuje izobraževanje, usposabljanje in psihološko pripravo na dojenje ter ustrezno organizacijo zdravstvene oskrbe, ki omogoča zgodnji stik kože na kožo in aktivno podporo pri začetnem dojenju. Introduction: Breastfeeding is recognized as the optimal method of feeding a newborn and provides numerous shortterm and longterm health benefits for the mother and the infant. Success of breastfeeding depends greatly on the proper establishment of early breastfeeding. Early skin-to-skin contact plays an important role in this process by stimulating hormonal responses that support lactation and by promoting bonding between the mother and the newborn. In addition to vaginal birth, delivery may also occur via cesarean section, which is a surgical procedure in which the fetus is delivered through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterus. Cesarean sections may be performed as emergency procedures when complications arise during vaginal birth that threaten the health of the mother or the fetus, or as elective (planned) procedures when vaginal birth poses greater risks. The aim of this study is to examine the factors that influence breastfeeding success and the interventions that promote the establishment of breastfeeding after a cesarean section. Methods: Data were collected through a systematic review of professional and scientific literature and analysis of the sources obtained. Both domestic and foreign literature were used, gathered on the basis of exclusion criteria from databases PubMed, Springer Link, Medline, Science Direct, COBISS and Google Scholar. The following keywords were used in Slovenian: dojenje, carski rez, stik kože na kožo and zdravstvena nega, and in English: breastfeeding, cesarean section, skin to skin and nursing. Inclusion criteria were: articles in English or Slovenian, published between 2015 and 2025, full text and open access. Data collection was carried out in Decmber 2025. A thematic analysis of the included studies was conducted, using coding techniques and the creation of thematic categories. The process of the literature search was presented in a Prisma diagram. Results: A total of 11 studies were included in the final analysis. Literature selection was based on content relevance. The quality of the collected scientific and professional literature was assessed using the hierarchy of evidence in scientific research. The included studies comprised two systematic reviews, two randomized controlled trials, one non-randomized controlled study, two cohort studies, two cross-sectional studies, one qualitative study, and one narrative review. Content codes were grouped into four categories: the impact of cesarean section on breastfeeding, the effects of skin-to-skin contact, strategies to improve breastfeeding outcomes after cesarean section, and the influence of healthcare professionals on breastfeeding. Discussion: Cesarean section is associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding, lower rates of exclusive breastfeeding, and a higher likelihood of transitioning to mixed or formula feeding. The main contributing factors are postoperative care procedures and the separation of the mother and newborn, which limit early skin-to-skin contact. The success of breastfeeding after cesarean section is influenced by both physiological and psychological factors, which are interrelated and affect the initiation of lactation and breastfeeding. Early skin-to-skin contact emerges as one of the most important strategies for overcoming breastfeeding barriers associated with cesarean section, as it promotes hormonal responses and bonding between the mother and newborn, both of which positively affect the initiation of breastfeeding. Support from healthcare professionals also plays a crucial role. Through active assistance, counselling, and appropriate organization of care, healthcare staff can significantly improve breastfeeding outcomes. While cesarean section does not inherently prevent breastfeeding, successful initiation and continuation require comprehensive support, including education, training, psychological preparation for breastfeeding, and well-organized healthcare practices that enable early skin-to-skin contact and active support during initial breastfeeding. dojenje carski rez stik kože na kožo zdravstvena oskrba breastfeeding cesarean section skin to skin contact nursing care true false false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-06-20 19:12:18 2026-06-20 19:12:19 2026-06-21 03:06:50 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1970-01-01 25211 4379$$_krizaj_eva_diplomska_naloga.pdf 4379$$_krizaj_eva_diplomska_naloga.pdf 1 19FB7399BCD6127C2B5D7F051993652E 6ff315c37db6d5860bd70efd955dceccfc3b44c341d7d7322569f462b401a637 326e503b-6ccb-11f1-98c5-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=17067 Univerza v Novem mestu - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0