20.500.12556/ReVIS-14371 Fizioterapevtska obravnava bolnika v akutni fazi po možganski kapi – pregled literature diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa prve bolonjske stopnje Fizioterapija Teoretično izhodišče: Možganska kap je eden od najpogostejših vzrokov invalidnosti in smrtnosti po svetu, pri čemer je akutna faza bolezni ključna za začetek rehabilitacije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na podlagi pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature proučiti fizioterapevtsko obravnavo bolnikov v akutni fazi po možganski kapi ter ugotoviti, kateri fizioterapevtski pristopi so pri tem najučinkovitejši. Metode dela: V teoretičnem delu so opisane značilnosti možganske kapi, njene vrste, dejavniki tveganja, znaki in simptomi, diagnostika ter zdravljenje. Posebna pozornost je namenjena pomenu zgodnje rehabilitacije in fizioterapevtskim pristopom v akutni fazi bolezni. V empiričnem delu je izveden pregled desetih znanstvenih raziskav, pridobljenih iz podatkovnih baz PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PEDro, ResearchGate in ProQuest. Rezultati: Zgodnja mobilizacija je najpogosteje vključen fizioterapevtski pristop, pri čemer so boljši funkcionalni izidi pogosteje doseženi ob začetku mobilizacije med 24 in 48 urami po nastopu bolezni. Poleg zgodnje mobilizacije se v akutni fazi pri bolnikih uporabljajo tudi ustrezno nameščanje, nevromuskularna električna stimulacija, vadba za gibljivost in mišično moč spodnjih udov ter standardna fizioterapevtska obravnava. Razprava: Rezultati pregledanih raziskav niso povsem enotni, kar kaže, da učinkovitost fizioterapevtske obravnave pri bolnikih ni odvisna zgolj od izbranega pristopa, temveč tudi od časa začetka obravnave, intenzivnosti terapije in individualnih značilnosti bolnika. Theoretical background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, with the acute phase of the disease being crucial for the initiation of rehabilitation. Purpose: To examine the physiotherapeutic management of patients in the acute phase after stroke based on a review of professional and scientific literature, and to determine which physiotherapeutic approaches are the most effective. Methods: The theoretical part describes the characteristics of stroke, its types, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnostics and treatment. Special attention is given to the importance of early rehabilitation and physiotherapeutic approaches in the acute phase of the disease. In the empirical part, a systematic review of ten scientific studies obtained from the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PEDro, ResearchGate and ProQuest was conducted. Results: Early mobilization is the most commonly included physiotherapeutic approach, with better functional outcomes more frequently achieved when mobilization is initiated between 24 and 48 hours after stroke onset. In addition to early mobilization, appropriate positioning, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, lower limb mobility and muscle strength exercises, and standard physiotherapeutic management are also used in the acute phase in patients. Discussion: The results of the reviewed studies are not entirely consistent, indicating that the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic management depends not only on the selected approach, but also on the timing of initiation of treatment, therapy intensity, and the individual characteristics of the patient. možganska kap akutna faza fizioterapija zgodnja rehabilitacija fizioterapevtski pristopi stroke acute phase physiotherapy early rehabilitation physiotherapeutic approaches true false false L. Gajšt Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2026-08-03 13:10:41 2026-08-03 13:10:42 2026-08-04 03:09:01 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 2026 Maribor 42 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 615.8:616.831-005.1(043.2) 286743811 Gajst_Larisa_dd_2026.pdf Gajst_Larisa_dd_2026.pdf 1 A3412A8E70013E5F3F081E98AAE4A32D 54d5af71fc5cae308c07cf8a899d65b7c4a04c46ef93a4bc1fd4f14c69daabc6 fd2540cf-8f2b-11f1-a7fa-001a4af901a5 https://revis.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=17435 Univerza Alma Mater Europaea 0 0 0