Vzpon nestrankarskih list in nestrankarskih županskih kandidatov na lokalnih volitvah v Sloveniji
Slovenija je kot pogoj za članstvo v Evropski uniji uvedla sistem lokalne samouprave, katere
osnovne enote po še nedokončani regionalizaciji so občine. Organe upravljanja občani izbirajo
vsake štiri leta na svobodnih in demokratičnih lokalnih volitvah. Župan kot izvršilni organ
lokalne samouprave in občinski svet kot kolektivni predstavniški organ sta organa, preko
katerih prebivalci odločajo o zadevah, ki se tičejo lokalne skupnosti. Zato so še kako pomembni
osebne kvalitete predstavnikov, njihov socialni kapital in vpliv skupin, katerih člani so ali niso.
Zakon o lokalnih volitvah v Sloveniji na podlagi smernic EU omogoča kandidiranje
nestrankarskih list in kandidatov z relativno preprostim postopkom zbiranja podpisov volivcev.
Evropska komisija takšen način kandidiranja podpira, da bi odločanje o javnih zadevah
približala ljudem, zmanjšala politično apatijo in hkrati decentralizirala upravljanje držav članic
EU. Takšen ukrep pa ima še številne druge vplive, ki niso dobro raziskani, in je hkrati ploden
teren za t. i. volilno manipulacijo.
Na lokalnih volitvah v Sloveniji se pojavlja vse več nestrankarskih list in kandidatov, njihov
uspeh pa je vedno boljši. Zato smo opravili raziskavo, v kateri smo uporabili različne
raziskovalne metode in rezultate preverili s primerjalno analizo izbranih raziskav, ki smo jih
opravili v drugačnih, a primerljivih okoljih in z drugačnimi raziskovalnimi metodami. V
raziskavi smo se osredotočili na dve osnovni področji – proučevali smo razloge za omenjeni
pojav in vpliv, ki ga ima. Razloge smo iskali pri dveh subjektih, ki sodelujejo v procesu volitev,
in sicer kandidatih oz. političnih strankah kot interesnih skupinah z največjim in neposrednim
interesom ter pri volivcih, katerih interes je posreden. Premisa je bila, da razlogi niso samo na
eni ali na drugi strani, temveč da gre za splet vzročno-posledičnih dejavnikov, kar smo z
raziskavo tudi dokazali. Vpliva, ki ga ima pojav na družbo, nismo uspeli v celoti raziskati in
pojasniti, zato ostaja še neraziskano področje za nadaljnje raziskave.
As a condition for membership in the European Union, Slovenia has introduced a system of
local self-government with municipalities, being basic units after the unfinished
regionalization. Citizens elect governing bodies every four years in free and democratic local
elections. The bodies through which the inhabitants decide on matters concerning the local
community, are the mayor as the executive body of local self-government and the municipal
council as the collective representative body. For this reason, personal qualities of the
representatives, their social capital and the influence of the groups are even more important.
Based on EU guidelines, the Local Elections Act enables the candidacy of non-party candidates
and lists through a relatively simple procedure of collecting voters' signatures. The European
Commission challenges this procedure in order to bring decision-making on public affairs
closer to the people, reduce political apathy and, at the same time, decentralize the governance
of EU Member States. This measure, however, has many other impacts that have not been
researched yet. Besides, it is a fertile ground for so called electoral manipulation.
In Slovenia, in the local elections more and more non-party lists and candidates are appearing,
and their success is progressively better. Therefore, we conducted a research and used different
research methods. We verified the results with a comparative analysis of selected research
conducted in different but comparable environments and with different research methods. The
research focused on two basic areas, i. e. reasons for this phenomenon and impact it has. We
looked for reasons in two entities participating in the election process – candidates or political
parties as interest groups with the greatest and direct interest, and voters whose interest is
indirect. The premise was that the reasons are not only on one side or on the other, but that they
are combination of cause-and-effect factors. However, we have not been able to fully
investigate and explain the impact of this phenomenon on the society, so it remains an area for
further research.
nestrankarske liste
politične stranke
politične elite
demokracija
lokalne volitve
volilni sistem
demokracija
magistrske naloge
true
true
[R. Gajser]
Miren
Slovenski jezik
Angleški jezik
Magistrsko delo/naloga
2021-08-13 10:59:50
2021-08-13 10:59:50
2021-08-14 03:14:33
2020
Študijski program Medkulturni menedžment;
78 str.
324
58022147
RAZ_Gajser_Robert_i2020.pdf
RAZ_Gajser_Robert_i2020.pdf
Fakulteta za uporabne družbene študije