Iskanje po repozitoriju

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Opis: Magistrsko delo obravnava uporabo poenotenega prava mednarodne prodaje blaga, ki ga ureja Konvencija Združenih narodov o pogodbah o mednarodni prodaji blaga (CISG), in sicer I. del, ki vsebuje ureditev splošnih postavk za njeno veljavnost in področje uporabe konvencije (I. poglavje, 1.-6. člen). V delu bo predstavljen zgodovinski razvoj pogodbenega trgovinskega prava kot tudi potek unifikacije pravnih pravil na področju mednarodne prodaje blaga. V nadaljevanju dela bodo predstavljeni vsebinska struktura konvencije, njene temeljne značilnosti ter predpostavke in področje uporabe. Magistrsko delo bo podrobno analiziralo sodno prakso držav, ki po številu sprejetih odločitev na podlagi CISG prevladujejo, to so Nemčija, Kitajska, Rusija, Nizozemska in Švica. Zaradi pomembne vloge v svetovni trgovini bo predstavljen tudi primer sodne prakse ZDA in nedavna sodba sprejeta na Norveškem. V nadaljevanju dela bo za primerjavo predstavljena manj obsežna sodna praksa slovenskih sodišč. Analizi bo sledila empirična raziskava o obsegu uporabe CISG v mednarodni trgovini ter predstavitev vzrokov za šibko uporabo CISG v slovenski sodni praksi in državah članicah, v katerih je odstotek uporabe CISG nizek. V zaključku magistrskega dela bodo izpostavljeni ključni razlogi za neuporabo konvencije, zlasti nepoznavanje vsebine CISG ter možnost pogodbenih strank, da izključijo uporabo CISG.
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 08.11.2019; Ogledov: 2319; Prenosov: 153
Celotno besedilo (1,35 MB)

Opis: Marsikateri posameznik se na začetku svoje podjetniške poti sreča z vprašanjem, katero pravnoorganizacijsko obliko izbrati za ustanovitev gospodarske družbe. Odločitev je precej lažja, če poznamo prednosti in slabosti oblik, med katerimi se odločamo,potek ustanovitve, pogoje, ki morajo biti izpolnjeni za ustanovitev, in morebitne stroške, ki nastanejo pri ustanavljanju. Na odločitev o temi diplomskega dela je vplivalo dejstvo, da imamo v družini tako samostojnega podjetnika kot tudi družbo z omejeno odgovornostjo, zato sem želela izvedeti več o eni in drugi obliki poslovanja oziroma o pozitivnih in negativnih plateh obeh oblik. Že v času študija sem dobila veliko informacij o samem delovanju družbe z omejeno odgovornostjo in samostojnega podjetnika posameznika, ki pa sem jih želela še dopolniti, predvsem na področju ustanovitve obeh, ter z opredelitvijo pomembnih razlik med njima. Po tehtnem premisleku in pomoči mentorja sem se odločila za naslov Postopek in bistvene, kogentne prvine v zvezi z ustanovitvijo d.o.o. ter subjektov podjetnikov posameznikov.Tema je v današnjih gospodarskih razmerah zelo aktualna, saj vsakdo želi z opravljanjem dejavnosti priti do čim višjega dohodka, hkrati pa imeti čim manj stroškov, plačati čim manj davkov in se izogniti odgovornosti z lastnim premoženjem. Pomen s.p. in d.o.o. je za gospodarstvo zelo velik, saj posamezniki z ustanavljanjem podjetij rešujejo pereč problem brezposelnosti, kateremu smo priča v trenutni gospodarski krizi.
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 13.09.2019; Ogledov: 1735; Prenosov: 120
Celotno besedilo (584,18 KB)

Objavljeno v ReVIS: 22.05.2019; Ogledov: 2285; Prenosov: 131
Celotno besedilo (1,17 MB)

Ključne besede: potrošnik, garancija, stvarna napaka
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 03.04.2019; Ogledov: 2293; Prenosov: 189
Celotno besedilo (1,26 MB)

Opis: Demographic changes and other socio-economic factors put a strain on pension systems around the world. Developed countries are particularly affected by population aging and generous existing pay-as-you-go schemes. To achieve a more sustainable pension system, many countries introduced defined-contribution pension plans. The World Bank, which took a leading role in conceptual and operational aspects of pension reforms worldwide, provided support to many countries, including Croatia, in the implementation of its three-pillar model. At the same time, Anglo-Saxon countries witnessed a dramatic shift from defined-benefit to defined-contribution pension schemes. As a result, employees are bearing investment risk, meaning that their pension benefits directly depend on the investment performance of pension plans invested in capital markets. Consequently, issues related to the governance of defined-contribution pension plans have become a matter of concern for researchers and regulators worldwide. The main questions are: (1) whether a governance system can be created that will work for the benefit of fund members and (2) where should policy makers and pension supervisors focus their efforts. Because asset management is characterised by significant conflicts of interest and low observability of money managers% actions, agency theory provides an excellent theoretical framework for the research of governance issues in second pillar pension funds. It helps in identifying the stakeholders, describing their relationships and identifying where their interests are not aligned. Most importantly, it provides a framework for identifying the most suitable control mechanisms to curb conflicts of interest. Theory suggests that behaviour-based control mechanisms will be best adapted in the case of pension funds. Of importance are: (1) internal governance structure and mechanisms, including third-party monitors, (2) regulation and supervision and (3) duties and liabilities of the governing body. The definition of investment performance benchmarks is the most obvious outcome-based control mechanism. Information systems have an important role in increasing the monitoring capacity of stakeholders. Theory suggests that third-party monitoring, such as supervision by public agencies, is particularly important, because pension funds are characterised by a failure of market control mechanisms. In addition, the interpretation of money managers% fiduciary duties by courts of justice will have an extremely important impact on the credibility of regulatory and supervisory efforts. Legislation plays a leading role in the design of control-mechanisms. This is particularly the case in civil law jurisdictions that opted for a highly prescriptive approach to regulation. The case study of the Croatian second pillar pension funds is based on an analysis of the Croatian Act on Mandatory Pension Funds and its comparative analysis with the OECD Core Principles of Private Pension Regulation, the UCITS Directive and the IORP II Directive. It breaks down the provisions of these legislative acts and standards along the lines of the framework provided by the agency theory - namely, the information available to fund members, internal governance mechanisms, political pressures and tools available to the regulator (including liability of the managing body). Evidence from the research supports the hypothesis that the Croatian Act on Mandatory Pension Funds addresses in an adequate manner most of the governance issues related to the management of second pillar mandatory pension funds. Nevertheless, some deficiencies were revealed, and a list of recommendations was outlined. The application of agency theory to pension funds and the comparative analysis of legislative documents adds to the body of literature on second pillar pension funds by providing an innovative approach to the issue. It also provides guidelines for regulators introducing defined-contribution pension schemes or trying to improve existing ones.
Ključne besede: pension funds, governance, agency theory, World Bank, pension system, Croatia, doctoral dissertation
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 12.03.2019; Ogledov: 1966; Prenosov: 123
Celotno besedilo (1,41 MB)