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Opis: This PhD thesis is mainly devoted to the study of different problems in nonequilibrium systems that undergo certain phase transitions. The first part of this thesis constitutes a brief review of fundamental concepts in statistical physics. Many of them, of course, will be useful in the remaining of the thesis. My research is thus articulated in three main chapters. The second chapter focuses on a numerical and experimental evidence of an absorbing phase transition, so far associated with spatiotemporal dynamics provided in a purely temporal optical system. We provide a numerical and experimental study of an effective model for a bistable semiconductor laser, with long-delayed opto-electronic feedback and multiplicative noise showing the peculiar features of a critical phenomenon belonging to the directed percolation universality class. In the third part of the thesis we present a random network of heterogeneous phase oscillators in which the links mediating the interactions are constantly rearranged with a characteristic timescale and an extremely low instantaneous connectivity. We will show that, provided strong coupling and fast enough rewiring are considered, the network is able to reach partial synchronisation even in the vanishing connectivity limit. The last part is dedicated to a systematic test of an effective thermodynamics approach proposed for the identification of critical phase transitions in nonequilibrium systems by making a formal analogy with equilibrium systems. When the authors apply it to experimental data of neurons, this method seems to bring a signature of a "special critical point". However, the approach has never been tested on synthetic data and for this reason we will test it on out of equilibrium toy models that display critical transition in a known range of parameters. In the concluding section I summarise and briefly comment my main results and sketch some directions for further research.
Ključne besede: statistična fizika, ravnotežna statistična fizika, neenakomerna statistična fizika, termodinamika, kritični pojavi, kritična točka, Kuramoto model, skupina za renormalizacijo, samoorganizirana kritičnost omrežja, Zipfov zakon, efektivni termodinamični pristop
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 28.05.2019; Ogledov: 2700; Prenosov: 172
Celotno besedilo (14,36 MB)

Ključne besede: upravni spor, pravna sredstva, Zakon o upravnem sporu, pritožba, zahteva za varstvo zakonitosti, obnova postopka, revizija
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 27.05.2019; Ogledov: 3043; Prenosov: 177
Celotno besedilo (607,42 KB)

Opis: V diplomskem delu je predstavljena trgovinska vojna med ZDA in Kitajsko z vidika morebitnega negativnega oziroma pozitivnega vpliva na evropsko gospodarstvo. Trgovinska vojna se je začela v letu 2018, vendar pa pretekla zgodovina obeh držav in zaostreni diplomatski odnosi močno vplivajo na to, kako se Kitajska in ZDA odzivata na nihanje svojega gospodarstva ter na dejanja druga druge. Namen diplomske naloge je ugotoviti, na kakšen način bo ta trgovinska vojna vplivala na gospodarstvo Evrope. Slednje sem dosegel s pregledom trgovinske zgodovine obeh držav in zgodovine trgovinskih vojn. Na podlagi pridobljenih dejstev sem ocenili vpliv trgovinske vojne na evropsko gospodarstvo.
Ključne besede: trgovinska vojna, carina, protekcionizem, trgovinski primanjkljaj, Smoot-Hawleyev zakon, WTO
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 05.03.2019; Ogledov: 2690; Prenosov: 228
Celotno besedilo (962,24 KB)

Ključne besede: javni uslužbenec, komisija za pritožbe iz delovnega razmerja, Zakon o javnih uslužbencih, sodno varstvo pravic, Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 24.08.2018; Ogledov: 2237; Prenosov: 141
Celotno besedilo (635,81 KB)

Ključne besede: šport - športnik, olimpizem, Nacionalni olimpijski komite, Mednarodna športna zveza, Nacionalna športna zveza, mednarodna norma, domača norma, Zakon o športu, merila upravičenosti
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 23.08.2018; Ogledov: 2280; Prenosov: 121
Celotno besedilo (842,66 KB)