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Opis: This study focuses on the paternity suit which is one of the ways to establish the paternity between the natural child and his/her father. The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of paternity suit and examine the reforms on paternity suit brought about by Turkish Civil Code, no. 4721. Within the scope of the study, the statements and opinions of the doctrine mentioned, the changes made in the legislation during the process were emphasized, comparisons were made with the Turkish Civil Code no. 743 and Supreme Court's decisions on the concerned portions were included. The paternity between the natural child and the father was subject to the same provisions as the relationship between the legitimate child and the father at this point after the regulations were made. Paternity suit, which is considered to be a retroactive constitutive lawsuit, aims to establish a paternity (lineage) relationship between the natural child and the father. The mother can claim material and immaterial compensation apart from or along with the paternity suit from the father or his successors. The plaintiff of the paternity suit is either the mother or the child; the defendant is the father or his successors if he is deceased. The suit is notified to the public prosecutor and the treasury, to the trustee if it is filed by the mother, to the mother if it is filed by the trustee. Those who are notified of the case, are allowed participation in the proceedings as a secondary intervening party or they can also remain indifferent. Paternity suit is filed in a one-year period of prescription as of the date of birth, at the Civil Court of First Instance located in the parties' residential area when the child is born if the parties reside in Turkey. Moreover, the law issued presumption of paternity in favour of the plaintiff. However; the plantiff may confute and rebut this presumption. In the cases where the presumption is nondemonstrable, either the mother or the child must directly prove the paternity of the plaintiff. The principle of ex officio examination is effective in paternity suit. Therefore, the judge freely appraises the demonstrations. The presumption of paternity, may be proven by cognisance, brief, definitive judgment and any kind of proof; however, it is impossible to tender an oath. Paternity, on the other hand, may be proven by expert examining. Experts determine paternity by full blood examination and similarity examination. DNA tests, a type of full blood examinations, are a much more reliable method for the determination of paternity compared to blood groups and similarity examinations. Thus, the determination of paternity through DNA tests is accurate. Paternity suit can be called off if the plaintiff withdraws the lawsuit. However; the lawsuit does not terminate when the defendant accepts the lawsuit and there is not a possibility of settlement of claim. In the event that the defendant's paternity is determined in the paternity suit, the child takes the mother's surname; earns the citizenship and heirship of the father. As a rule, the mother has the custody of the child. The mother and the father cover the maintenance and education expenses of the child. The mother and the father are obliged to help, respect and understand each other, which is required for the peace and integrity of the family. Whether or not it is possible to renew the adjudication is clear after the verdict was given, by taking into account the data obtained by the methods such as DNA tests and so on, against a verdict that was definitive by the end of the paternity suit in a period where these methods were not used.
Najdeno v: ključnih besedah
Ključne besede: paternity suit, medical data, Turkish civil code, family law, civil law, ugotavljanje očetovstva, družinsko pravo, civilno pravo
Objavljeno: 19.03.2020; Ogledov: 2311; Prenosov: 115
Celotno besedilo (762,47 KB)

Opis: S sprejetjem novega Družinskega zakonika (Uradni list RS, št. 15/17, 21/18 % ZNOrg, 22/19 in 67/19 % ZMatR-C), ki ureja razmerja med zakoncema oz. razvezanima zakoncema, in njegovimi novimi instituti je slovenski pravni red na področju družinske zakonodaje pri sklepanju zakonske zveze in izbiri premoženjskega režima zakoncema podelil večjo avtonomijo, ki se pa odraža v vzročni zvezi z marsikaterim drugim pravnim področjem in s tem zapolni pravne vrzeli predhodnika danes veljavnega zakona % Zakona o zakonski zvezi in družinskih razmerjih. Zakonska zveza s svojo veljavno sklenitvijo povzroči premoženjskopravne posledice, ki jih je potrebno opredeliti in razdeliti v primeru razveze zakonske zveze. Danes alternativno možnost za vnaprejšnjo ureditev teh razmerij, izhajajočih iz zakonske zveze, ureja pogodba o premoženjskih razmerjih med zakoncema, ki pa predstavlja diametralno nasprotje nekdaj kogentnemu zakonitemu premoženjskemu režimu. Premoženjska razmerja med razvezanima zakoncema zajemajo skupek vprašanj, ki zadevajo delitev in načine delitev premoženja ob razvezi, preživljanje nekdanjega zakonca ipd., zato to področje lahko razumemo kot kompleksen konglomerat pravnih prvin in medčloveških odnosov. Predmet obravnave bo izhajal iz materialnopravnih nazorov in orisoval premoženjskopravna razmerja, katerih temelj je razveza zakonske zveze. V sklopu dela so uporabljene: induktivno-deduktivna metoda, analitična metoda, komparativna metoda, metoda deskripcije, zgodovinska metoda, in pa metoda kompilacije. Preplet omenjenih metod pa bo zadostil namenu obravnavanega naslova; raziskati novo zakonodajo na področju družinskega prava. Ključni ugotovitvi pri raziskovanju sta sledeči: nova zakonodaja stremi k sporazumni razvezi ter, da je institut pogodbe o urejanju premoženjskopravnih razmerij v našem pravnem redu nujno potreben za doseg avtonomnosti volje posameznega zakonca
Najdeno v: ključnih besedah
Ključne besede: razveza zakonske zveze, premoženje zakoncev, pogodba o ureditvi premoženjskopravnih razmerij, družinsko pravo
Objavljeno: 23.07.2021; Ogledov: 1405; Prenosov: 99
Celotno besedilo (386,59 KB)

Opis: Leta 2019 je v veljavo stopil Družinski zakonik (DZ), ki je na področje družinskopravne zakonodaje prinesel številne novosti in spremembe, med drugim tudi glede skrbništva za odrasle osebe, saj je ukinil predhodno aktualni institut odvzema poslovne sposobnosti ter postopek glede tega in ga nadomestil s postopkom postavitve osebe pod skrbništvo za odrasle, kar je bistvena sprememba na tem področju, saj tako skrbništvo za odrasle osebe od dne veljave DZ ni več posledica odvzema poslovne sposobnosti fizičnemu subjektu. Izpostaviti gre, da skrbništvo za odrasle osebe predstavlja izjemno občutljivo področje, ki se nanaša na družbeno skupino, katere dobrobit v smislu zavarovanja njihovih človekovih pravic in temeljenjih svoboščin, zahteva prizadevanje k ureditvi, ki zagotavlja najvišjo možno zagotovitev pravne varnosti ter zavarovanja pravic in koristi oseb, ki so postavljene pod skrbništvo za odrasle osebe kot družbene skupine. Sama uveljavitev DZ je prinesla spremembe, ki zagotavljajo večjo pravno varnost za osebe, ki so postavljene pod skrbništvo za odrasle osebe v Republiki Sloveniji in za tiste, o katerih teče postopek za postavitev odrasle osebe pod skrbništvo, pa vendar je namen tega magistrskega dela izpostaviti množične pomanjkljivosti trenutne ureditve tega področja znotraj pravnega reda RS. Razlogi za postavitev odrasle osebe pod skrbništvo so različni, zato si je potrebno prizadevati k individualni obravnavi vsakega primera posebej glede na njegove okoliščine in psihofizično stanje (potencialnega) varovanca. Trenutna pravna ureditev predstavlja številne izzive glede trajanja skrbništva nad odraslo osebo, presojanjem njenih zmožnosti veljavnega sklepanja pravnih poslov skozi čas trajanja skrbništva, pomanjkljivosti v zakonodaji pa prestavljajo tudi nastanek problematike v tem magistrskem delu glede presojanja oporočne sposobnosti in sposobnosti uresničevanja volilne pravice oseb, ki so postavljene pod skrbništvo za odrasle osebe
Najdeno v: ključnih besedah
Ključne besede: skrbništvo za odrasle osebe, oporočna sposobnost, volilna pravica, dedno pravo, družinsko pravo, ustavno pravo, dedovanje, človekove pravice, medicinsko izvedenstvo
Objavljeno: 21.11.2022; Ogledov: 642; Prenosov: 103
Celotno besedilo (909,74 KB)