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Title:CELOSTNA OBRAVNAVA PACIENTA S SLADKORNO BOLEZNIJO TIPA 2
Authors:ID Meglič, Lina (Author)
ID Šimec, Mateja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf 2536$$lina_meglic_diplomska_naloga_(2).pdf (1,61 MB)
MD5: 504B6911D626B17EC0FDAF9887B1025F
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:UNM FZV - University of Novo mesto - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:Izhodišča: Sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 je ena izmed kroničnih bolezni, ki je nenalezljiva in se lahko razvija tudi več let. Pri tem gre za stanje, pri katerem telo ne more uravnavati količine sladkorja v krvi. Večina ljudi s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 ima prekomerno telesno težo in velik obseg trebuha, a vseeno ti znaki niso tudi pogoj za sladkorno bolezen tipa 2. Diagnozo postavimo s pomočjo pregleda pacientovih izvidov in ugotavljanjem njegovega zdravstvenega stanja. Zdravljenje sladkorne bolezni tipa 2 lahko poteka nefarmakološko s spremembo življenjskega sloga ali farmakološko z uporabo predpisane terapije. Ključno vlogo pri zdravljenju sladkorne bolezni ima diplomirana medicinska sestra, ki ima vlogo edukatorke, ki svoje znanje predaja naprej. Celostna oz. holistična obravnava predstavlja celovit model oskrbe. Celostna obravnava je opisana kot vedenje, ki človeka prepozna kot celoto in priznava soodvisnost med njegovimi biološkimi, socialnimi, psihološkimi in duhovnimi vidiki. Namen raziskave je analizirati celostno obravnavo pacienta s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2. Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvalitativnem načinu raziskovanja in deskriptivni metodi dela. Za potrebe empiričnega dela so bili zbrani in analizirani primarni in sekundarni viri. Primarni podatki za analizo so bili zbrani s tehniko intervjuvanja. Sekundarni podatki so bili pridobljeni s pomočjo pregleda domače in tuje strokovne literature ter spletnih baz. Rezultati: Intervjuvancem psihična ali fizična podpora družine sploh na področju urejenosti prehrane, prehranjevanja in priprave hrane veliko pomeni. Intervjuvanci redko zaznavajo stres v kombinaciji s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2. Izobraževanj s področja svoje bolezni se ne udeležujejo prav pogosto. Drugače pa so intervjuvanci s svojimi zdravstvenimi obravnavami zadovoljni. Intervjuvanci zaznavajo kar nekaj akutnih in kroničnih zapletov v življenju s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2. Pri zaznavanju težjih področij, ki vplivajo na sposobnost obvladovanja sladkorne bolezni pri intervjuvancih, so težave pri rednem merjenju vrednosti sladkorja v krvi, slaba dostopnost do zdravstvenih storitev, pomanjkanje motivacije za upoštevanje diete, pomanjkanje volje za kuhanje itd. Razprava: Ugotovljeno je bilo, da intervjuvanci kot dejavnike okolja, ki vplivajo na urejenost njihove bolezni, najpogosteje omenjajo podporo družine, svojcev ali prijateljev na področju prehrane, upoštevanja diete, prisotnosti telesne aktivnosti ali dostopnosti do zdravstvenih storitev. Stresni dogodki in stres vplivajo na razvoj in poslabšanje sladkorne bolezni, vendar bi bilo treba na tem področju opraviti še dodatne raziskave. Izobraževanja, ki so namenjena pacientom za njihovo krepitev samostojnosti in samozavesti pri življenju z boleznijo, imajo velik pomen. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se intervjuvanci redko udeležujejo takšnih vrst izobraževanj. Drugače pa so pacienti s svojimi obravnavami zadovoljni. Pri soočanju z akutnimi in kroničnimi zapleti so intervjuvanci kar se da uspešni, a se pogosto srečujejo z različnimi zapleti. Paciente poučujemo o nastanku zapletov z namenom pravilnega ukrepanja ob srečanju z njimi. Področja in izzivi, ki pacientom povzročajo največ težav in preglavic, so področja prehrane, telesne aktivnosti in krepljenja zdravja, obvladovanje bolezni v kombinaciji s službo, pravilno jemanje terapije in redno merjenje vrednosti sladkorja v krvi.
Keywords:Sladkorna bolezen tipa 2, celostna obravnava, pacient, diplomirana medicinska sestra.
Year of publishing:2024
Publication date in ReVIS:22.12.2024
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:HOLISTIC TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES
Abstract:Baseline: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that is non-contagious and can develop for many years. This is a condition where the body cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood. Most people with type 2 diabetes are overweight and have a large abdominal circumference, but these signs are not a condition for type 2 diabetes. Diagnosis is made with the help of an examination of the patient's results and determination of his state of health. Treatment of type 2 diabetes can be carried out non-pharmacologically with lifestyle changes or pharmacologically with the use of prescribed therapy. A key role in the treatment of diabetes is played by a qualified nurse, who plays the role of an educator who passes on her knowledge. Holistic treatment is a comprehensive model of care. Holistic treatment is defined as a behaviour that recognizes a person as a whole and recognizes the interdependence between his biological, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects. Is the study aims to analyse the holistic treatment of a patient with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The research was based on a qualitative and a descriptive method. For empirical work, primary and secondary sources were collected and analysed. The primary data for the analysis were collected using the interview technique. Secondary data were obtained by reviewing domestic and foreign professional literature and online databases. Results: For the interviewees, psychological or physical support from the family in diet, nutrition, and food preparation is of great importance. Interviewees rarely perceive stress in combination with type 2 diabetes. They do not attend education about their disease very often. On the other hand, the interviewees were satisfied with their health care. Interviewees perceive quite a few acute and chronic complications in life with type 2 diabetes. Difficulty in measuring blood sugar regularly, poor access to health services, lack of motivation to follow a diet, lack of willingness to cook, etc. Discussion: It was found that the environmental factors that influence the control of their disease are most often influenced by the support of family, relatives, or friends, either in the area of nutrition, dietary adherence, physical activity, or access to health services. Stress events and stress influence the development and exacerbation of diabetes, but more research is needed in this area. Education intended for patients to strengthen their independence and self-confidence in living with their disease are of great importance, it was found that the interviewees rarely participate in such types of education. Patients are satisfied with their treatment. In the face of acute and chronic complications, the interviewees encounter various complications as successfully as possible but often, patients are taught about the occurrence of complications to take correct action when encountering them. The areas and challenges that cause the most problems and worries for patients are the areas of nutrition, physical activity, health promotion, disease management in combination with work, proper treatment, and regular blood sugar measurement.
Keywords:Type 2 diabetes, holistic treatment, patient, registered nurse.


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