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Title:POMEN VADBE RAVNOTEŽJA PRI STAREJŠIH OD 65 LET
Authors:ID Mrhar, Eva (Author)
ID Pavlič Založnik, Simona (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf 2676$$zakljucno_delo.pdf (500,27 KB)
MD5: 725B5F02159856E53963215DF351D8FE
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:FIZIOTERAPEVTIKA - PHYSIOTHERAPEUTICA
Abstract:Ravnotežje je kompleksna funkcija senzoričnega, motoričnega in kognitivnega sistema, ki s starostjo postopno upada. Posledica tega so pogostejši padci, zmanjšana funkcionalna samostojnost in slabša kakovost življenja. Diplomska naloga obravnava pomen vadbe ravnotežja pri starejših odraslih nad 65 let ter preučuje učinkovitost različnih vadbenih pristopov, ki se uporabljajo v fizioterapevtski praksi. Osrednji problem predstavlja naraščajoče tveganje za padce zaradi oslabljenih strategij ravnotežja, zmanjšane senzorične odzivnosti in manjše mišične moči spodnjih okončin. Namen naloge je oceniti, v kolikšni meri vadba vpliva na izboljšanje ravnotežja, zmanjšanje strahu pred padci in povečanje funkcionalnih sposobnosti. V diplomsko nalogo je bil vključen pregled desetih mednarodnih raziskav, ki so preučevale različne oblike intervencij, med njimi Otago program, proprioceptivne in vizualno podprte vaje, pilates, treninge z BlazePodom ter vadbo z Wii Fit. Raziskave so se razlikovale po trajanju intervencije, velikosti vzorca, uporabljenih testih, kot so BBS, FRT, TUG in STS, ter intenzivnosti vadbe. Kljub raznolikosti pristopov rezultati dosledno potrjujejo, da vadba, ki je dovolj dolga, progresivna in individualno prilagojena, pomembno izboljša statično in dinamično ravnotežje, hitrost reakcij in zaznavno-motorično integracijo. V nekaterih študijah so bile zaznane še dodatne izboljšave, med njimi zmanjšanje strahu pred padci, boljša telesna sestava ter izboljšana sposobnost funkcionalnega gibanja. Hipoteza, da telesna vadba pomembno izboljša ravnotežje starejših oseb, je tako potrjena. Zaključki poudarjajo pomen celostnega fizioterapevtskega pristopa, ki vključuje krepitev mišičnih skupin, senzorično-motorično integracijo, učenje učinkovitih gibalnih strategij ter spodbujanje motivacije. Ugotovitve predstavljajo in podpirajo oblikovanje dolgoročnih, varnih in prilagojenih vadbenih programov, ki omogočajo stabilnejše funkcionalne izboljšave in večjo samostojnost starejših odraslih.
Keywords:vadba ravnotežja, starejši, staranje, izboljšanje ravnotežja, telesna aktivnost
Year of publishing:2026
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-13247 New window
Publication date in ReVIS:03.03.2026
Views:20
Downloads:0
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The importance of balance training in older adults aged 65 and over
Abstract:Balance is a complex function of the sensory, motor, and cognitive systems, which gradually declines with age. As a result, falls become more frequent, functional independence decreases, and quality of life deteriorates. This thesis examines the importance of balance training in older adults over the age of 65 and evaluates the effectiveness of various exercise approaches used in physiotherapy practice. The central issue is the increasing risk of falls due to weakened balance strategies, reduced sensory responsiveness, and decreased lower-limb muscle strength. The aim of the thesis is to assess the extent to which exercise influences improvements in balance, reduces fear of falling, and enhances functional abilities. The thesis includes a review of ten international studies that investigated different types of interventions, including the Otago program, proprioceptive and visually supported exercises, Pilates, BlazePod training, and Wii Fit exercise. The studies varied in intervention duration, sample size, assessment tools such as BBS, FRT, TUG, and STS, and exercise intensity. Despite the diversity of approaches, the results consistently confirm that exercise that is sufficiently long, progressive, and individually tailored significantly improves static and dynamic balance, reaction speed, and perceptual-motor integration. Some studies also reported additional improvements, such as reduced fear of falling, better body composition, and enhanced functional movement ability. The hypothesis that physical exercise significantly improves balance in older adults is therefore confirmed. The conclusions highlight the importance of a holistic physiotherapy approach that includes strengthening muscle groups, sensory– motor integration, teaching effective movement strategies, and promoting motivation. The findings support the development of long-term, safe, and tailored exercise programs that enable more stable functional improvements and greater independence among older adults.
Keywords:balance training, older adults, aging, balance improvement, physical activity


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