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Title:UČINKOVITOST FIZIOTERAPEVTSKE OBRAVNAVE PRI SKAKALNEM KOLENU
Authors:ID Julević, Mensud (Author)
ID Bračun, Špela (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf 2695$$diplomska_naloga_mjulevic_final.pdf (747,59 KB)
MD5: 25F9D702D0D80477D83247897D95524A
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:FIZIOTERAPEVTIKA - PHYSIOTHERAPEUTICA
Abstract:Skakalno koleno ali patelarna tendinopatija je pogosta preobremenitvena poškodba iztegovalnega mehanizma kolena, ki se pojavlja predvsem pri športnikih, katerih dejavnosti vključujejo pogoste skoke, pospeševanja in hitre spremembe smeri. Za poškodbo je značilna lokalizirana bolečina na spodnjem polu pogačice, ki se povečuje ob mehanski obremenitvi in pogosto omejuje športno dejavnost. Patološki proces temelji na neravnovesju med degenerativnimi in regenerativnimi spremembami v patelarnem ligamentu, pri čemer ne gre za klasično vnetje, temveč za degenerativne spremembe tetivnega tkiva. Diagnostika skakalnega kolena vključuje temeljit klinični pregled z anamnezo, palpacijo, funkcionalnimi testi ter po potrebi slikovno diagnostiko, s katero se potrdi obseg strukturnih sprememb tetive. Za uspešno zdravljenje je ključnega pomena pravočasna prepoznava simptomov in natančna opredelitev stopnje poškodbe. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature oceniti učinkovitost različnih fizioterapevtskih pristopov ter oblikovati priporočila za optimalno rehabilitacijo skakalnega kolena. Analiza petnajstih raziskav, objavljenih med letoma 2015 in 2025, je pokazala, da je progresivna in individualno prilagojena vadba najpomembnejši dejavnik pri zmanjšanju bolečine in ponovni vzpostavitvi funkcionalnosti. Učinkovite oblike vadbe vključujejo ekscentrično vadbo, vadbo z visoko obremenitvijo in počasnim tempom ter postopno povečanje mehanske obremenitve tetive. Dopolnilne metode, kot so suho iglanje, perkutana elektroliza in terapija z ESWT, se lahko uporabljajo kot podporni del rehabilitacije, vendar same po sebi ne zagotavljajo dolgoročnih rezultatov. Ključni elementi uspešne obravnave so postopno obremenjevanje, pravilno doziran trening, edukacija pacienta ter postopno vračanje v športno aktivnost. Celostno zasnovan fizioterapevtski pristop tako omogoča učinkovito rehabilitacijo, zmanjšuje tveganje za ponovne poškodbe in spodbuja varno vrnitev športnika v trenažni proces.
Keywords:Skakalno koleno, patelarna tendinopatija, fizioterapija, obravnava, bolečina v sprednjem delu kolena
Year of publishing:2026
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-13249 New window
Publication date in ReVIS:03.03.2026
Views:29
Downloads:0
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Effectiveness of physiotherapeutic management of jumper's knee
Abstract:Jumper’s knee, or patellar tendinopathy, is a common overuse injury of the knee extensor mechanism that occurs primarily in athletes engaged in sports involving frequent jumping, acceleration, and rapid changes of direction. The condition is characterized by localized pain at the inferior pole of the patella, which increases with mechanical load and often limits athletic performance. The pathological process is based on an imbalance between degenerative and regenerative changes in the patellar tendon, where inflammation is not the main factor; instead, structural degeneration of the tendon tissue predominates. Diagnosis of jumper’s knee involves a thorough clinical examination, including patient history, palpation, and functional testing, complemented by imaging when necessary to assess the extent of tendon changes. Early recognition of symptoms and proper classification of the injury stage are essential for successful treatment and recovery. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of various physiotherapeutic approaches and to establish recommendations for optimal rehabilitation of jumper’s knee through a review of scientific and professional literature. Fifteen studies published between 2015 and 2025 were analyzed. The findings indicate that progressive and individually tailored exercise is the most effective strategy for reducing pain and restoring function. Effective exercise approaches include eccentric training, heavy slow resistance exercise, and gradual mechanical loading of the tendon. Adjunctive methods such as dry needling, percutaneous electrolysis, and shockwave therapy can complement rehabilitation but are not equally effective as stand-alone treatments. Key elements of successful management include gradual loading, appropriately dosed training, patient education, and controlled return to sports activity. A comprehensive physiotherapy approach enables effective rehabilitation, reduces the risk of re-injury, and promotes a safe return to sport.
Keywords:Jumper`s knee, patellar tendinopathy, physiotherapy, treatment, anterior knee pain.


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