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Title:Fizioterapevtski pristopi pri pacientih z amiotrofično lateralno sklerozo : pregled literature
Authors:ID Langus, Darja (Author)
ID Horvat, Tatjana (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf Langus_Darja_dd_2026.pdf (1,88 MB)
MD5: BC103CBC84E8DE80B1416F13CE1B6054
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:UAMEU - Alma Mater Europaea University
Abstract:Teoretično izhodišče: Amiotrofična lateralna skleroza, v nadaljevanju ALS, ali Lou Gehrigova bolezen, je progresivna in neozdravljiva nevrodegenerativna bolezen. Zanjo je značilna degeneracija zgornjih in spodnjih motoričnih nevronov, kar vodi v mišično oslabelost, atrofijo in postopno izgubo gibalnih sposobnosti, kar sčasoma vodi v popolno paralizo. Pri ALS so pomembni fizioterapevtski pristopi, ki prispevajo k ohranjanju boljše kakovosti življenja oseb z amiotrofično lateralno sklerozo. Namen: Na podlagi pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature preučiti fizioterapevtske pristope in njihovo učinkovitost pri pacientih z ALS. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela in analizirali strokovno ter znanstveno literaturo s sistematičnim pregledom v slovenskem, angleškem in ruskem jeziku. Literaturo smo izbrali s pomočjo naslednjih podatkovnih baz: Google scholar, PubMed, Pedro, ScienceDirect, Researchgate, Cochrane in CyberLeninka. Potek iskanja smo prikazali s pomočjo diagrama PRISMA. Rezultati: Analizirane študije kažejo, da različni fizioterapevtski pristopi pozitivno in učinkovito vplivajo na ohranjanje funkcionalnosti ter izboljšanje kakovosti življenja pacientov z ALS. Respiratorna fizioterapija, zmerna aerobna vadba in multidisciplinarna obravnava so najpogosteje omenjeni pristopi, pomembni za celostno, varno in učinkovito obravnavo pacientov z ALS. Aerobna vadba in respiratorna fizioterapija pozitivno učinkujeta na ohranjanje vzdržljivosti, mišične moči in dihalne funkcije. Razprava: Pri ALS je zgodnja in individualno prilagojena multidisciplinarna obravnava ključnega pomena za ohranjanje funkcionalnosti in kakovosti življenja pacientov z ALS. Varna in kakovostna vadba je enako pomembna kot sama frekvenca vadbe. Eden najučinkovitejših pristopov k obravnavi ALS v literaturi je respiratorna fizioterapija. S pomočjo različnih tehnik ohranja dihalno funkcijo in zmanjša tveganje respiratornih zapletov, saj ALS prizadene dihalne mišice in povzroči respiratorno insuficienco.
Keywords:bolezen motoričnega nevrona, kakovost življenja, učinki fizioterapevtskih pristopov, respiratorna fizioterapija, amiotrofična lateralna skleroza
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Place of performance:Ljubljana
Publisher:D. Langus
Year of publishing:2026
Year of performance:2026
Number of pages:58 str.
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-14185 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:284102147 New window
UDC:616.833-004:615.82(043.2)
Publication date in ReVIS:08.07.2026
Views:31
Downloads:1
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Abstract:Theoretical background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive and incurable neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and progressive loss of motor function, ultimately resulting in complete paralysis. Physiotherapy approaches are important in ALS, contributing to maintaining a better quality of life for people with ALS. Purpose: Bassed on a review of professional and scientific literature, to examine physiotherapy approaches and their effectiveness in patients with ALS. Methods: We used a descriptive work method and analyzed professional and scientific literature with a systematic review in Slovenian, English and Russian languages.The literature used in this thesis was selected from the following databases: Google scholar, PubMed, Pedro, ScienceDirect, Researchgate, Cochrane and Cyberleninka. Course of search showed with the help of diagram PRISMA. Results: Analyzed studies show that various physiotherapy approaches positively and effectively influence the maintenance of functionality and improvement of the quality of life of ALS patients. Respiratory physiotherapy, moderate aerobic exercise, and a multidisciplinary treatment are the most commonly mentioned approaches for comprehensive, safe, and effective treatment of ALS patients. Aerobic exercise and respiratory physiotherapy have a positive effect on maintaining endurance, muscle strength, and respiratory function. Discussion: In ALS, early and individually tailored multidisciplinary treatment is crucial for maintaining functionality and quality of life for ALS patients. Safe and high-quality exercise is just as important as the frequency of exercise. One of the most effective approaches to treating ALS in the literature is respiratory physiotherapy. Using various techniques, it maintains respiratory function and reduces the risk of respiratory complications, as ALS affects the respiratory muscles and causes respiratory insufficiency.
Keywords:motor neuron disease, quality of life, effects of physiotherapy approaches, respiratory physiotherapy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis


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