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Title:PREHRANA ONKOLOŠKEGA BOLNIKA PO OPERACIJI DEBELEGA ČREVESJA
Authors:ID Leskovšek, Domen (Author)
ID Kožuh, Maja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf 3795$$diplomska_naloga_domen_leskovsek.pdf (1,64 MB)
MD5: CAD1ED4BC3BFC62D953CA244FD615930
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:UNM FZV - University of Novo mesto - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:Teoretična izhodišča: Ustrezna prehrana ima pomembno vlogo pri okrevanju onkoloških bolnikov, saj vpliva na celjenje rane, imunski sistem, toleranco zdravljenja in tudi na splošno kakovost življenja. Po operaciji se onkološki bolniki pogosto soočajo z izgubo apetita, intoleranco na določeno hrano, slabostjo, bruhanjem ter drugimi prebavnimi težavami. Pri prehranski podpori bolnikov ima pomembno nalogo tudi medicinska sestra, ki s svojim znanjem, svetovanjem in opazovanjem pripomore k izboljšanju prehranskega statusa in splošnega počutja bolnika. Namen diplomske naloge je preučiti spremembe prehrane onkoloških bolnikov po operaciji debelega črevesa in opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri prehranski podpori bolnikov. Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvalitativnem raziskovalnem pristopu in deskriptivni metodi dela. Kot instrument za zbiranje podatkov smo izdelali predlogo za polstrukturirani intervju. Primarni podatki so bili pridobljeni s tehniko intervjuvanja. Vzorec je bil namenski in je zajemal onkološke bolnike po operaciji debelega črevesa. V intervju smo vključili šest onkoloških bolnikov. Raziskava je potekala v aprilu in maju 2025. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo šest onkoloških bolnikov po operaciji debelega črevesa. Večina intervjuvancev je pred operacijo sledila manj uravnoteženim prehranskim vzorcem, s čezmernim uživanjem mesa in mesnih izdelkov ter nezadostnim vnosom sadja in zelenjave. Po operaciji je večina intervjuvancev spremenila stare prehranske navade. Prešli so na lažjo, manj mastno in bolj uravnoteženo prehrano, spremenili so tudi pogostost dnevnih obrokov. Nadalje je bilo ugotovljeno, da nekateri posamezniki po operaciji uživajo prehranske dodatke, kot so vitamini in minerali. Najpogostejše težave po operaciji so bile izguba apetita, bolečina, napenjanje in prebavne motnje. Medicinske sestre so po mnenju intervjuvancev imele pomembno vlogo pri prehranski podpori. Razprava: Ugotovitve raziskave so pokazale, da operacija bistveno vpliva na spremembo prehranskih navad onkoloških bolnikov. Intervjuvanci se po operaciji zavedajo pomena zdrave, uravnotežene prehrane za uspešno okrevanje. Prehranske spremembe so bile v veliki meri usmerjene v lažjo oziroma lažje prebavljivo hrano, ob tem pa so se pojavljale nekatere omejitve zaradi intolerance na posamezna živila. Čeprav so bile po operaciji prisotne težave, so se intervjuvanci trudili po najboljših močeh upoštevati dieto, predlagano s strani zdravstvenega osebja. Prav tako so imele medicinske sestre pomembno vlogo pri prehranski podpori, še posebej v pooperativnem obdobju. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je redno prehransko svetovanje s strani zdravstvenega osebja ključno za uspešno prilagoditev prehrane in pomembno vpliva na izboljšanje kakovosti življenja po operaciji. Raziskava se tako ujema z ugotovitvami iz obstoječe literature, ki poudarja pomen individualnega pristopa in strokovno podporo v prehranski obravnavi onkološkega bolnika po operaciji.
Keywords:prehrana, rak, onkološki bolniki, operacija debelega črevesa
Year of publishing:2025
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-11923 New window
Publication date in ReVIS:06.07.2025
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Downloads:0
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:NUTRITION OF AN ONCOLOGY PATIENT AFTER COLON SURGERY
Abstract:Theoretical background: Proper nutrition for cancer patients plays an important role in their recovery, affecting wound healing, the immune system, tolerance to treatment and quality of life itself. After surgery, oncology patients often face problems such as loss of appetite, intolerance to certain foods, nausea and vomiting, and other digestive problems. The nurse also has an important role to play in the nutritional support of patients by providing knowledge, advice and observation to help improve the nutritional status and general well-being of the patient. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the changes in the diet of oncology patients after colon surgery and to define the role of the nurse in the nutritional support of patients. Methods: The research was based on a qualitative research approach and a descriptive method of work. A semi-structured interview template was developed as a data collection instrument. Primary data were obtained by interviewing technique. The sample was purposive and included oncology patients after colon surgery. Six oncology patients were interviewed. The survey took place in April and May 2025. Results: Six oncology patients undergoing colon surgery took part in the study. Most of the interviewees had followed a less balanced diet before surgery, with excessive consumption of meat and meat products and insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables. After surgery, most interviewees changed their old dietary habits. They switched to a lighter, less fatty and more balanced diet, where the frequency of daily meals also changed. It was also found that some individuals took nutritional supplements such as vitamins and minerals after surgery. The most common problems experienced after surgery were loss of appetite, pain, flatulence and indigestion. Nurses also played an important role in nutritional support, according to the interviewees. Discussion: The findings of the study showed that surgery has a significant impact on changing the dietary habits of oncology patients. After surgery, interviewees are aware of the importance of a healthy balanced diet for a successful recovery. Dietary changes were largely directed towards lighter and more digestible foods, with some restrictions due to intolerance to certain foods. Although there were post-operative difficulties, the interviewees followed the diet suggested by the medical staff as much as possible. Nurses also play an important role in nutritional support, especially in the post-operative period. Regular nutritional counselling by nursing staff was found to be crucial for successful dietary adaptation and has a significant impact on improving quality of life after surgery. Thus, the study is in line with the existing literature which emphasises the importance of individual attendance and professional support in the nutritional management of the oncology patient after surgery.
Keywords:diet, cancer, cancer patients, colon surgery


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