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Title: Bioimpedanca - del šeste faze procesa zdravstvene nege pri dializnem pacientu Authors: ID Zupančič, Klavdija (Author) ID Laznik, Gorazd (Mentor) More about this mentor... Files: DIP_Zupancic_Klavdija_2025.pdf (1,11 MB) MD5: 35FB34343840798D1F02C2BAF2C1D815   Language: Slovenian Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis Organization: UNM FZV - University of Novo mesto - Faculty of Health Sciences Abstract: Teoretična izhodišča: Ledvici sta organa v trebušni votlini za potrebušnico, ob vsaki strani hrbtenice, nekoliko zadaj in pod rebri. Opravljata številne pomembne funkcije, kot so uravnavanje krvnega tlaka, ravnotežje elektrolitov, kislinsko-bazno ravnotežje in nastajanje rdečih krvnih celic. Lahko ju doleti akutna ledvična bolezen ali kronična ledvična bolezen, ki lahko bistveno poslabša življenje pacienta. V Sloveniji deluje več društev, ki nudijo podporo pacientom s kronično ledvično boleznijo. Ob končni ledvični odpovedi je potrebno nadomestno zdravljenje, ob tem pa pomemben del obravnave predstavlja proces zdravstvene nege z več fazami obravnave fizične in psihološke potrebe pacienta. V šesti fazi obravnave ima posebno vlogo uporaba bioimpedance, s pomočjo katere se zmanjšajo zapleti med dializo, izboljšajo pa se telesna zmogljivost, počutje in kakovost življenja. Medicinska sestra izvaja meritve, interpretira rezultate in izobražuje pacienta o pomenu hidracije in prehrane. Namen naše raziskave je preučiti uporabo bioimpedance kot dela šeste faze procesa zdravstvene nege pri dializnem pacientu. Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvalitativnem raziskovalnem pristopu in deskriptivni metodi dela. Za potrebe empiričnega dela smo analizirali in sintetizirali primarne in sekundarne vire. Primarne podatke za analizo smo pridobili z izvedbo polstrukturiranega intervjuja, za teoretični del in podkrepitev naših rezultatov pa smo pregledali še domačo in tujo literaturo ter spletne baze (bibliografske baze podatkov, PubMed, Cobiss in Google učenjak). Rezultati: Intervju smo julija 2025 opravili z osmimi zdravstvenimi delavci, ki sodelujejo v procesu zdravljenja dializnih pacientov in imajo najmanj pet let delovnih izkušenj na tem področju. Vse intervjuvane osebe so bile ženskega spola in so bile zaposlene v oddelku hemodialize od 5 do 40 let, kolikor je tudi celotna delovna doba. Starost se je gibala od 26 do 59 let. Intervjuvanke poznajo ključne parametre bioimpedance, najpomembnejša se jim zdi količina vode v telesu. Bioimpedanca je ocenjena kot delno zanesljiva, a uporabna. Večina zdravstvenih delavcev jo uporablja redno. Poudarjajo pomen hidracije, prehrane in suhe teže. Kot glavne prednosti so izpostavile enostavnost in neinvazivnost, slabosti pa sta nezanesljivost in omejitve pri določenih pacientih. Medicinske sestre imajo ključno vlogo pri meritvah, oceni rezultatov in sodelovanju z zdravnikom. Razprava: Bioimpedanca pomaga oceniti tekočinsko ravnovesje in prehransko stanje, saj loči med znotrajcelično in zunajcelično tekočino ter pokaže celično kakovost z merjenjem faznega kota. Z natančnejšim določanjem suhe teže zmanjšuje simptome med dializo, izboljšuje počutje in telesno zmogljivost, kar pozitivno vpliva na kakovost življenja pacienta. Je natančnejša od klasičnih metod, omogoča zgodnje zaznavanje preobremenjenosti s tekočino, je hitra, neboleča in enostavna za uporabo. Medicinska sestra izvaja meritve, spremlja rezultate, sodeluje pri prilagajanju terapije in izobražuje pacienta o pomenu hidracije in prehrane. Keywords: Ključne besede: ledvice, hidracija, dializa, fazni kot, pacient, medicinska sestra. Year of publishing: 2025 PID: 20.500.12556/ReVIS-12489  COBISS.SI-ID: 256937475  Publication date in ReVIS: 23.10.2025 Views: 311 Downloads: 5 Metadata:    Cite this work Plain text BibTeX EndNote XML EndNote/Refer RIS ABNT ACM Ref AMA APA Chicago 17th Author-Date Harvard IEEE ISO 690 MLA Vancouver : Copy citation

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Language:	English
Title:	Bioimpedance - part of the sixth phase of the dialysis patient nursing process
Abstract:	Introduction: The kidneys are organs located in the abdominal cavity, behind the peritoneum, on each side of the spine, slightly posterior and beneath the ribs. They perform numerous important functions, such as regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and the production of red blood cells. They may be affected by acute or chronic kidney disease, which can significantly impair the patient’s quality of life. In Slovenia, several associations provide support to patients with chronic kidney disease. In cases of end-stage renal failure, renal replacement therapy is required, while an important part of patient care is the nursing process, which consists of several phases and addresses both physical and psychological needs of the patient. In the sixth phase of care, bioimpedance plays a particularly important role, as it helps reduce complications during dialysis and improves physical performance, well-being, and quality of life. Nurses play a crucial role in performing measurements, interpreting results, and educating patients about the importance of hydration and nutrition. The aim of our research is to examine the use of bioimpedance as part of the sixth phase of the nursing process in dialysis patients. Methods: A qualitative research approach and descriptive method were used. Data were collected through interviews with healthcare professionals and by searching various databases (Medline, Cobiss, PubMed, and Google Scholar). Results: The interviewees are familiar with key bioimpedance parameters, considering the amount of body water to be the most important. Bioimpedance was assessed as partially reliable but useful. Most healthcare workers use it regularly. They emphasize the importance of hydration, nutrition, and dry weight. The main advantages mentioned were simplicity and noninvasiveness, while disadvantages included unreliability and limitations in certain patients. Nurses play a key role in performing measurements, evaluating results, and collaborating with physicians. Discussion: Bioimpedance helps assess fluid balance and nutritional status by distinguishing between intracellular and extracellular fluid and by indicating cell quality through phase angle measurement. More precise determination of dry weight reduces symptoms during dialysis, improves well-being and physical performance, which positively impacts the patient’s quality of life. It is more accurate than classical methods, allows early detection of fluid overload, and is fast, painless, and easy to use. Nurses perform measurements, monitor results, assist in therapy adjustment, and educate patients about the importance of hydration and nutrition.
Keywords:	Key words: kidneys, hydration, dialysis, phase angle, patient, nurse.

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