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Title:Ponatalna fizioterapevtska obravnava perinealne poškodbe med porodom – pregled literature : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa prve bolonjske stopnje Fizioterapija
Authors:ID Škerlavaj, Lara (Author)
ID Goubar, Patricija (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:URL https://d.cobiss.net/repository/si/files/261879555/169113/%C5%A0kerlavaj_Lara_dd_2025.pdf
 
.pdf Skerlavaj_Lara_dd_2025.pdf (6,29 MB)
MD5: DA49529949E1E0E1FDA598A6F5C8AC86
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:UAMEU - Alma Mater Europaea University
Abstract:Perinealne poškodbe, ki nastanejo kot posledica vaginalnega poroda, predstavljajo pomemben rehabilitacijski izziv, saj vplivajo na fiziološke funkcije, psihološko stanje, gibalne vzorce in kakovost življenja ženske v poporodnem obdobju. Ključna, a pogosto nevključena komponenta celostne poporodne oskrbe je čim hitrejša fizioterapevtska obravnava, ki je prilagojena glede na vrsto poškodbe ter fazo okrevanja. Metode: V diplomskem delu je bil izveden pregled literature, pri čemer smo v podrobnejši pregled vključili 5 znanstvenih člankov, ki smo jih identificirali na podlagi vnaprej določenih vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev v podatkovnih bazah PEDro, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library ter ScienceDirect. Rezultati: Analiza literature je pokazala, da vseh 5 znanstvenih člankov potrjuje pozitiven vpliv fizioterapevtske obravnave perinealne poškodbe. Prav tako je bilo po analizi in primerjavi izbranih virov ugotovljeno, da se fizioterapevtske metode med seboj razlikujejo tako glede na čas uvedbe po porodu, kot tudi po terapevtskem cilju. V akutni fazi so najpogosteje uporabljene krioterapija, terapevtski ultrazvok in laserska terapija nizke frekvence, ki delujejo protibolečinsko in protivnetno, medtem ko so v subakutni in regeneracijski fazi v ospredju aktivne metode, kot so individualizirane vaje mišic medeničnega dna, biofeedback in uporaba pulzirajočih elektromagnetnih polj (PEMF). Razprava: Ugotovitve potrjujejo, da stopenjsko strukturiran in ciljno usmerjen fizioterapevtski pristop pomembno prispeva k hitrejši regeneraciji tkiv, zmanjšanju zapletov, kot sta inkontinenca in disparevnija, ter izboljšanju dolgoročne funkcionalnosti. Kljub temu je bila skozi analizo prepoznana izrazita potreba po enotnih kliničnih smernicah in večji integraciji fizioterapevtov v poporodno zdravstveno obravnavo, saj je področje fizioterapevtske rehabilitacije perinealnih poškodb še vedno pomanjkljivo raziskano in sistemsko neurejeno.
Keywords:ponatalna fizioterapija, perinealna poškodba, poškodbe sfinktra, travma presredka
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:L. Škerlavaj
Year of publishing:2025
Year of performance:2025
Number of pages:43 str.
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-12810 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:261879555 New window
UDC:615.82:618.33(043.2)
Publication date in ReVIS:18.12.2025
Views:24
Downloads:0
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Abstract:Perineal injuries resulting from vaginal birth represent a significant rehabilitation challenge, as they affect the physiological functions, psychological state, movement patterns and quality of life of women in the postpartum period. A key, but often overlooked component of comprehensive postpartum care is the earliest possible physiotherapy treatment, which is clinically relevant to the type of injury and the stage of recovery. Methods: In the diploma thesis, a literature review was conducted, whereby 5 scientific articles were included in the detailed review, which were identified based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria in the PEDro, PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect databases. Results: The literature analysis showed that all 5 scientific articles confirm the positive impact of physiotherapy treatment of perineal injury. It was also found after analyzing and comparing the selected sources that physiotherapy methods are mutually beneficial both in terms of the time of introduction after childbirth and the therapeutic goal. In the acute phase, cryotherapy, therapeutic ultrasound and low-frequency laser therapy are most commonly used, which have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, while in the subacute and regeneration phase, active methods such as individualized pelvic floor muscle training, biofeedback and the use of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) are in the foreground. Discussion: The findings confirm that a step-by-step structured and targeted physiotherapy approach significantly contributes to faster tissue regeneration, reducing complications such as incontinence and dyspareunia, and improving long-term functionality. Nevertheless, the analysis identified the need for uniform clinical guidelines and greater integration of physiotherapists into postpartum health care, as the field of physiotherapeutic rehabilitation of perineal injuries is still poorly researched and systemically unregulated.
Keywords:postnatal physiotherapy, perineal injury, sphincter injuries, perineal trauma


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