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Title:VLOGA DIPLOMIRANEGA ZDRAVSTVENIKA PRI ANALIZI RAZLIK MED ELEKTROKARDIOGRAFSKIMI INDEKSI ZA HIPERTROFIJO LEVEGA PREKATA IN ULTRAZVOČNO IZMERJENO MASO LEVEGA PREKATA
Authors:ID Šabec, Marko (Author)
ID Rituper, Boštjan (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf DIP_Sabec_Marko_2026.pdf (2,62 MB)
MD5: BDB6BD5CEC0DA9EF00EEC437EB644CAD
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:UNM FZV - University of Novo mesto - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:Teoretična izhodišča: Arterijska hipertenzija sodi med vodilne dejavnike tveganja za srčno-žilno obolevnost, pri čemer predstavlja hipertrofija levega prekata (HLP) pomembno tarčno organsko okvaro in neodvisen napovedni dejavnik srčno-žilnih dogodkov. Transtorakalna ehokardiografija predstavlja zlati standard pri oceni mase levega prekata, 12-kanalni EKG pa ostaja zaradi svoje dostopnosti pomembno presejalno orodje za HLP. Namen raziskave je bil analizirati povezanost izbranih EKG indeksov z ultrazvočno izmerjeno maso levega prekata ter osvetliti vlogo diplomiranega zdravstvenika v diagnostičnem procesu. Metode: V kvantitativno presečno raziskavo smo vključili priložnostni vzorec 150 pacientov (52 % moških, 48 % žensk), ki so bili napoteni na ultrazvočno preiskavo srca na primarni ravni. Povprečna starost je znašala 60,9 ± 16,4 let. Diagnostični protokol je obsegal standardizirano merjenje krvnega tlaka (povprečje štirih meritev), antropometrične meritve, snemanje 12-odvodnega EKG v mirovanju ter ehokardiografsko določitev mase in indeksirane mase levega prekata. Podatki so bili obdelani z metodami opisne statistike, povezanost parametrov smo preverili s Pearsonovim korelacijskim koeficientom, diagnostično vrednost EKG indeksov pa z izračunom njihove občutljivosti in specifičnosti. Rezultati: V obravnavanem vzorcu smo zabeležili visoko prevalenco arterijske hipertenzije (50,7 %). EKG indeksi so z ehokardiografskimi parametri izkazovali pretežno pozitivne korelacije, ki so bile izrazitejše pri moških. Zmerno do srednje močno povezanost z maso levega prekata so izkazali Groningenski kriterij (r = 0,620), Cornellov napetostni produkt (r = 0,491) in kriterij Dalfó (r = 0,446). Pri vrednotenju diagnostične natančnosti je dosegel najvišjo občutljivost kriterij Dalfó (45,30 % za maso in 54,44 % za indeksirano maso), vendar ob nižji specifičnosti. Nasprotno je Sokolow-Lyonov napetostni produkt izkazal popolno, 100% specifičnost, a zelo nizko občutljivost (11,7 %). Noben posamezen EKG indeks ni dosegel optimalnega razmerja med občutljivostjo in specifičnostjo, kar potrjuje omejitve elektrokardiografije kot samostojne metode za diagnostiko hipertrofije levega prekata. Razprava: Izsledki raziskave potrjujejo, da EKG indeksi ne morejo nadomestiti ehokardiografije, temveč delujejo kot komplementarno presejalno orodje za stratifikacijo tveganja. Raziskava poudarja večplastno vlogo diplomiranega zdravstvenika, ki presega zgolj tehnično izvedbo meritev. Njegova vloga vključuje zagotavljanje tehnične brezhibnosti EKG-posnetkov, prepoznavanje kliničnih odstopanj ter izvajanje usmerjene zdravstvene vzgoje za obvladovanje dejavnikov tveganja. Za optimizacijo klinične obravnave sta ključna standardizacija diagnostičnih postopkov in kontinuirano strokovno izpopolnjevanje.
Keywords:hipertrofija levega prekata, elektrokardiografija, ehokardiografija, diagnostična natančnost, vloga diplomiranega zdravstvenika
Year of publishing:2026
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-13160 New window
Publication date in ReVIS:06.02.2026
Views:35
Downloads:1
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:THE ROLE OF THE REGISTERED NURSE IN ANALYZING DIFFRENCES BETWEEN ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC INDICES OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AND ULTRASOUND - MEASURED LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS
Abstract:Theoretical Background: Arterial hypertension is one of the leading risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity, with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) representing significant target organ damage and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. While transthoracic echocardiography is considered the gold standard for assessing left ventricular mass, the 12-lead ECG remains an important screening tool due to its accessibility. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of selected ECG indices with ultrasound-measured left ventricular mass and to highlight the role of the graduate nurse in the diagnostic process. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 150 patients (52 % men, 48 % women), with a mean age of 60.9 ± 16.4 years, referred for cardiac ultrasound at the primary care level. The diagnostic protocol comprised standardized blood pressure measurement (average of four measurements), anthropometric measurements, resting 12-lead ECG recording, and echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass and indexed mass. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; parameter associations were verified using Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the diagnostic value of ECG indices was assessed by calculating their sensitivity and specificity. Results: A high prevalence of arterial hypertension (50.7 %) was observed in the sample. ECG indices showed predominantly positive correlations with echocardiographic parameters, which were more pronounced in men. Moderate correlation with left ventricular mass was demonstrated by the Groningen criterion (r = 0.620), Cornell voltage product (r = 0.491), and Dalfó criterion (r = 0.446). In terms of diagnostic accuracy, the Dalfó criterion achieved the highest sensitivity (45.30 % for mass and 54.44 % for indexed mass) but with lower specificity. Conversely, the Sokolow-Lyon voltage product demonstrated perfect, 100% specificity, but very low sensitivity (11.7 %). No single ECG index achieved an optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity, confirming the limitations of electrocardiography as a standalone method for diagnosing left ventricular hypertrophy. Discussion: The findings confirm that ECG indices cannot replace echocardiography but act as a complementary screening tool for risk stratification. The study emphasizes the multifaceted role of the graduate nurse, extending beyond the mere technical execution of measurements. This role involves ensuring the technical quality of ECG recordings, recognizing clinical deviations, and providing targeted health education for risk factor management. Standardization of diagnostic procedures and continuous professional development are essential for optimizing clinical care.
Keywords:left ventricular hypertrophy, electrocardiography, echocardiography, diagnostic accuracy, arterial hypertension, role of the graduate nurse


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