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Title:Sovražni govor v praksi Vrhovnega sodišča ZDA : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Erdić, Sara (Author)
ID Letnar Černič, Jernej (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf RAZ_Erdic_Sara_i2021.pdf (739,91 KB)
MD5: 0A3FB091100D9B6D9EDDE6C2FC6D78DC
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:EVRO-PF - Nova Univerza - European Faculty of Law
Abstract:V današnjem času v javnih razpravah pogosto govorimo o problemu sovražnega govora in pomembnosti njegovega omejevanja. Težava pa je v tem, da o sovražnem govoru ne govorimo kot o pravni kategoriji, ampak ga označujemo kot vsako izražanje nestrpnosti in sovraštva. Da bi razumeli nevarnosti njegovega omejevanja, moramo poznati pomen svobode govora. Svoboda govora je v demokratični družbi ena od temeljnih pravic, brez nje pa si ni mogoče predstavljati izvrševanja drugih pravic, kot je na primer svoboda mišljenja. V demokratični družbi mora biti vsakomur zagotovljeno, da teži k osebnemu in duhovnemu razvoju in samouresničitvi, kar pa ni mogoče brez svobode mišljenja in svobode govora. Hkrati omogoča sodelovanje pri odločanju o zadevah družbenega pomena in je gonilo družbenega napredka. Vsak pravni red pa ji kljub vsemu postavlja meje. Združene države Amerike so v svetu unikum, saj priznavajo izredno široko varstvo svobode govora. Ustava varuje tudi sovražni govor. Ker država vsakega svojega državljana obravnava kot avtonomni in razumni subjekt, mu ne prepoveduje izražanja njegovih prepričanj, tudi kadar so ta skrajna in jih drugi pripadniki družbe ne sprejemajo. Govor je tako varovan, tudi kadar je žaljiv, sovražen in kadar vznemirja. Vseeno pa svoboda govora tudi v ZDA ni absolutna. Obstajajo določene kategorije izražanja, ki jih prvi amandma ne varuje. Katere so te kategorije, je v svoji večdesetletni sodni praksi določilo Vrhovno sodišče ZDA, ki je hkrati izoblikovalo tudi doktrinarne pristope, na podlagi katerih je, v določenih primerih, svobodo govora mogoče omejiti.
Keywords:sovražni govor, Vrhovno sodišče ZDA, svoboda govora, prvi amandma, skrajne oblike izražanja
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Place of performance:Ljubljana
Publisher:[S. Erdić]
Year of publishing:2021
Year of performance:2021
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (73 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-8683 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:93964035 New window
UDC:342.727(043.2)
Note:Mag. delo 2. stopnje bolonjskega študija; Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 18. 1. 2022;
Publication date in ReVIS:09.02.2022
Views:2115
Downloads:108
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Secondary language

Language:English
Abstract:Nowadays, in public debates, we often talk about the problem of hate speech and the importance of restricting it. The problem is that we do not speak of hate speech as a legal category, we instead categorize hate speech as any expression of intolerance and hatred. To understand the dangers of restricting it, we need to know the importance of freedom of speech. Freedom of speech is one of the fundamental rights in a democratic society, and it is impossible to imagine the exercise of other rights, such as freedom of thought without it. In a democratic society, everyone must be assured that they are striving toward personal and spiritual development and self-realization, which is not possible without freedom of thought and freedom of speech. At the same time, it enables participation in decision-making on matters of social importance and is a driver of social progress. However, every legal order sets limits for it. The United States of America is unique in the world in recognizing the extremely broad protection of freedom of speech. The Constitution also protects hate speech. Because the state treats each of its citizens as an autonomous and reasonable subject, it does not prohibit them from expressing their beliefs even when these are extreme and are not accepted by other members of society. Speech is thus protected even when it is offensive, hostile and disturbing. However, freedom of speech is not absolute in the US either. There are certain categories of expression that are not protected by the First Amendment. What these categories are has been determined by the US Supreme Court in its decades-long case law, which has at the same time developed doctrinal approaches on the basis of which, in certain cases, freedom of speech can be restricted.


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