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Title: Fizioterapevtske metode pri obravnavi inverzijskega zvina pri športniku mladostniku Authors: Žilnik, Saša (Author) Bračun, Špela (Mentor) More about this co-author... Language: Slovenian Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper Tipology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis Organization: FIZIOTERAPEVTIKA - PHYSIOTHERAPEUTICA Abstract: Inverzijski zvin gležnja je ena najpogostejših poškodb mišično-skeletnega sistema mladih športnikov, zelo pogosto pa nastane tudi pri splošni populaciji med telesno dejavnostjo. Neustrezna fizioterapevtska obravnava lahko vodi v kronično nestabilnost gležnja, kar je dejavnik tveganja za ponavljajočo se poškodbo. Zaradi visoke pojavnosti zvina gležnja je nujna optimalna rehabilitacija, ki posledično pomeni manjše ekonomsko breme, saj zdravljenje poškodbe predstavlja velik strošek in vpliva na odsotnost z delovnega mesta, ter manjše zdravstveno breme, saj dolgoročno ponavljajoč se zvin gležnja vodi v zmanjšano telesno aktivnost in posledično v nastanek drugih kroničnih obolenj. V diplomskem delu smo pregledali literaturo in primerjali raziskave, ki so proučevale fizioterapevtsko obravnavo pri športnikih mladostnikih. Literaturo smo iskali v spletnih bazah podatkov PEDro, PubMed in Google Scholar. Podrobneje smo predstavili deset raziskav, ki so proučevale vpliv kinezioloških trakov na akutni zvin gležnja in učinkovitost proprioceptivnih vaj kot preventive pred ponavljajočimi se zvini gležnja. Ugotovili smo, da najpogostejše priporočilo ostaja zdravljenje po protokolu RICE, ki vključuje počitek, hlajenje poškodovanega dela z ledom, kompresijo in dvig noge nad raven srca. Novejša priporočila so usmerjena v funkcionalno rehabilitacijo, ki vključuje postopno obremenjevanje poškodovane noge namesto dolgotrajnega počitka in imobilizacije, ki je primerna le pri zvinu tretje stopnje. Uporaba zunanjih opornic je priporočljiva pri akutnem in kroničnem stanju, uporaba kinezioloških trakov pa se v večini primerov ni izkazala za učinkovito. Za zmanjšanje bolečine in otekline lahko zdravnik predpiše uživanje nesteroidnih antirevmatikov, a le-to ne sme biti predolgo, saj zavira naraven proces celjenja. Med učinkovite tehnike fizioterapevtske obravnave po inverzijskem zvinu gležnja uvrščamo tudi manualno terapijo in mobilizacijo. Pomemben del ustrezne rehabilitacije je tudi kinezioterapija, saj izvajanje krepilnih in razteznih vaj pozitivno vpliva na povečanje mišične moči, izboljšanje koordinacije in gibljivosti. Za učinkovite so se izkazale tudi proprioceptivne vaje, ki izboljšajo ravnotežje in zaznavanje položaja sklepa, kar vpliva na preventivo pred ponavljajočimi se zvini gležnja. Glavni namen naše diplomske naloge je predstavitev priporočil za ustrezno izbiro fizioterapevtskih metod in tehnik pri obravnavi športnika mladostnika z inverzijskim zvinom gležnja. Keywords: inverzijski zvin gležnja, anatomija gležnja, biomehanika gležnja, fizioterapevtska obravnava po zvinu gležnja Year of publishing: 2022 COBISS_ID: 105449731  VisID: 3135 Views: 1077 Downloads: 104 Files:  1167$$zilnik-diploma.pdf (1,05 MB)   Metadata:

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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Physiotherapy methods for inversion ankle sprain in young athletes
Abstract:	An inversion ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries of the musculoskeletal system of young athletes, and frequently occurs in general population during physical activity as well. Inadequate physiotherapy treatment can result in chronic ankle instability, which is a risk factor for recurrent ankle sprains. Frequent injuries require optimal rehabilitation, as they otherwise create an economic problem arising from high costs and absence from work. They also cause a health problem, as a long-term recurrent ankle sprain leads to reduced physical activity and, consequently, the development of other chronic diseases. Our graduation thesis reviews the literature and studies that examined physiotherapeutic treatment in adolescent athletes. The literature was searched in the online databases PEDro, PubMed and Google Scholar. In detail, our graduation thesis presents ten studies that examined the influence of kinesiology tapes on an acute ankle sprain and the effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises on the prevention of recurrent ankle sprains. It can be concluded that RICE treatment, which includes rest, icing the injured part, compression and raising the leg above heart level, is still the most recommended one. Recent recommendations are focused on functional rehabilitation, which includes a progressive overload of the injured leg instead of prolonged rest and immobilization, only appropriate for third-degree sprains. The use of external splints is recommended in acute as well as chronic conditions, while the application of kinesiology tapes has not yet been proven to be effective in most cases. To reduce pain and swelling, a doctor may prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which should not be taken for a long period of time as they inhibit the natural healing process. Manual therapy and mobilization are also among the effective physiotherapy techniques after an inversion ankle sprain. Moreover, kinesiotherapy presents an important part of proper rehabilitation, considering the positive effect of strengthening and stretching exercises on increasing muscle strength, coordination and mobility. Proprioceptive exercises have also been proven to be efficient in improving balance and joint position sense, both contributing to the prevention of recurrent ankle sprains. The main purpose of our thesis is to present recommendations for the appropriate choice of physiotherapy methods and techniques in the treatment of adolescent athletes with an inversion ankle sprain.
Keywords:	inversion ankle sprain, ankle anatomy, ankle biomechanics, physiotherapy treatment after ankle sprain

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