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Title:UČINKOVITOST TERAPEVTSKEGA UČENJA NEVROZNANOSTI BOLEČINE PRI OBRAVNAVI KRONIČNE BOLEČINE V KRIŽU
Authors:ID Mikuž, Anamarija (Author)
ID Pavlič Založnik, Simona (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf 1747$$diplomska_naloga_-_ucinkovitost_ucenja_nevroznanosti_bolecine_pri_obravnavi_kronicne_bolecine_v_krizu_zadnja_verzija_-_za_2._oddajo_pdfa.pdf (714,34 KB)
MD5: 02C539A0CCEDF55457311F1C9557C0C0
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FIZIOTERAPEVTIKA - PHYSIOTHERAPEUTICA
Abstract:Bolečina je večdimenzionalna in vedno subjektivna izkušnja posameznika. Odvisna je od številnih dejavnikov, ki jih lahko razdelimo na biološke, psihološke in socialne. Paciente z bolečino moramo obravnavati celostno in z ozirom na njihove edinstvene težave, ki jih bolečina predstavlja. Od bolečinskih sindromov je bolečina v križu (v nadaljevanju: BvK) najpogostejša, saj naj bi se z njo vsaj enkrat v življenju srečala večina svetovne populacije. Je tudi eden od najpogostejših vzrokov za omejitve pri vsakodnevnih in drugih aktivnostih ter za odstonost z delovnega mesta. Zlasti obremenjujoča za družbo in posameznika je BvK, ki traja dalj časa in se razvije v kronično. Kronično BvK pogosto spremljajo pridružene duševne stiske, ki vplivajo na potek in uspešnost zdravljenja. Poleg tega tradicionalni pristopi zdravljenja v večini niso dolgoročno uspešni. Razlog za nezadostno učinkovitost je v neupoštevanju nevrofizioloških procesov, ki spremljajo kronično bolečino in vključujejo nevroplastične spremembe živčnega sistema. Prav tako imajo pri prehodu iz akutne v kronično in vztrajanju kronične BvK pomembno vlogo psihosocialne značilnosti pacientov. V literaturi so najpogosteje opisane kineziofobija, katastrofizacija bolečine, izogibajoče vedenje zaradi strahu, znižana samoučinkovitost, depresija, anksioznost in nespečnost. Na podlagi novih spoznanj je nastal kognitivno-izobraževalni terapevtski pristop imenovan terapevtsko učenje o nevroznanosti bolečine. Ta vključuje skupinska ali individualna izobraževalna srečanja, katerih namen je pacientom s kronično bolečino pojasniti nevrofiziološke procese vpletene v izkušnjo bolečine ter razložiti pomen psihosocialnih dejavnikov. Pri zmanjševanju bolečine je učenje o bolečini najuspešnejše, ko je izobraževanje del standardne fizoterapevtske obravnave. V obliki samostojnega pristopa se ni izkazalo za bolj uspešno. Pri izboljšanju funkcioniranja učenje nevroznanosti bolečine ni bolj uspešno od standardnih postopkov. Učenje o nevroznanosti bolečine nam nudi nov pogled na obravnavo pacientov s kronično BvK. V nadaljnjih raziskavah bi bilo smiselno ugotoviti, ali je bolj uspešno skupinsko ali individualno učenje in koliko časa je potrebnega za uspešno integracijo novih konceptov.
Keywords:kronična bolečina v križu, fizioterapevtska obravnava, nevroznanost bolečine, učenje o nevroznanosti bolečine
Year of publishing:2023
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-9983 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:169990403 New window
Publication date in ReVIS:07.10.2023
Views:1020
Downloads:39
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Effectiveness of therapeutic pain neuroscience education in the treatment of chroniclow back pain
Abstract:Pain is a multidimensional and always subjective experience. It depends on a number of factors, which can be divided into biological, psychological and social. Patient experiencing pain must therefore be treated holistically and in the light of the unique problems that pain poses for him or her. Out of all pain syndromes low back pain (hereinafter: LBP) is the most common, with the majority of the world's population expected to experience it at least once in their lifetime. It is also one of the most common causes of limitations in daily and other activites, and of absenteeism from the workplace. LBP that persist over a long period of time and develops into chronic is particularly burdensome for society and the individual. Chronic LBP is often accompenied by mental distress, which further affects the course of treatment and its success. In addition, most traditional treatment approaches are not successful in the long term. The reason for the ineffectivness is due to overlooking neurophysiological processes that accompany chronic pain, involving neuroplastic changes that occur in the nervous system. Psychosocial characteristics of patients also play an important role in the transition from acute to chronic pain and in the persistence of chronic low back pain. Amongst the most common described in the scientific literature are kinesiophobia, fear-avoidance behaviour, reduced self-efficacy, depression, anxiety and insomnia. This new knowledge has led to the development of a cognitive-educational approach called therapeutic pain neuroscience education. The aim of neuroscience education is to teach patients with chronic pain more about their pain experience through a neurophysiological lens and the importance of psychosocial factors. The education takes place in group or individual sessions. Regarding reduction in pain intensity learning about pain has proven to be more successful when it is part of standard physiotherapy treatment, such as manual therapy or therapeutic exercises, than as a sole treatment. For reducing physical disability pain neuroscience education is not more efficient than standard procedures. Learning about the neuroscience of pain gives us a new perspective on the management of patients with chronic low back pain. Further research is necessary to find out which form of neuroscience education is more efficient, group or individual. Furthermore there is a need to establish how much time is needed for the patients to successfully integrate new concepts.
Keywords:chronic low back pain, physical therapy treatment, pain neuroscience, pain neuroscience education


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