71. The Gualchiere di Remole in Bagno a Ripoli (Firenze)Giovanni Pancani, Matteo Bigongiari, Lorenzo Matteoli, Luca Chiavacci, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The Gualchiere di Remole represent a rare example of a late medieval industrial mill still standing in Italy. Built in 1327 by the Albizzi family, these structures were dedicated to the fulling of wool, a crucial process in Florentine textile manufacturing. Despite their historical and architectural significance, the Gualchiere are currently in an advanced state of decay. Declared a site of historical and artistic interest in 2013, the complex has undergone various interventions and transformations over the centuries but has never been subject to a structured restoration. Previous studies have focused on analyzing the mechanics of the mills and documenting the architectural conditions of the buildings. The research project began in 2009 with 3D laser scanner surveys to document the structure and understand the operation of the hydraulic fulling stocks. This initial phase utilized TLS instruments capable ofproducing a sufficiently complete and detailed point cloud, allowing for the mapping of both the interior and exterior and for assessing the state of conservation and functionality of the site. In 2024, a new photogrammetric survey using drones and high-resolution cameras updated the data on the condition of the mill and its hydrographic context. The combination of data collected in 2009 and 2024 enabled a direct comparison to evaluate the progression of degradation. This research provides a significant contribution to the knowledge and conservation of the Gualchiere di Remole, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating 3D digital surveying techniques with modern digital photogrammetry (SfM) technologies. The comparison between laser scanning and photogrammetric surveys has produced a detailed picture of the mill’s condition and its critical issues. The results may support future restoration and enhancement efforts, promoting the potential museumization and reuse of the complex for cultural and public purposes. The applied methodology has proven to be valuable for this type of industrial heritage, offering a replicable model for the preservation of medieval industrial sites.
Keywords: Conservation, Heritage, Survey, Remole Gualchiere, Photo modeling, Wool Art
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 90; Downloads: 2
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73. Flood Hazard Assessment and Risk Management in Dar Belamri: A Hydrological and Hydraulic Approach for Effective Urban Development and Slum ReductionRachid Dahmani, Fatehi Altalqi, Amine Belmzoukia, Adil Echchelh, Said Chakiri, Mohammed Benammi, Abderrahmane Aït Fora, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Dar Belamri is considered one of the emerging centers in the Sidi Slimane region, but it suffers from the spread of slums in the center, especially in the Ouled Abdel Sadek area, part of which is located on the edge of a cliff near scattered quarries, in addition to the Fajr area, which is located near the Beht River. What distinguishes these areas is that they are located in a natural flood zone, which requires proactive management of these risks by local planners and decision-makers. This study provides a flood risk assessment tool that is adapted to the conditions of these specific areas. The methodology combines flood frequency and flood impacts using a hydrological and hydraulic approach. This approach uses a hydrological model to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of hydraulic properties (such as flow rate, velocity, water height, and inundated areas) during design flood events, while assessing the effects of hydraulic developments on flow dynamics. The study focuses on two main watercourses, Wadi Beht and Wadi Oum El Zein. Comprehensive topographic surveys provided detailed morphological data, allowing for accurate hydraulic simulation of floods at different return periods. This helped accurately identify flood zones and contributed decisively to the delineation of areas suitable for urbanization and construction, thus producing a flood risk map. It is a crucial tool for targeted flood risk management and mitigation efforts, ultimately supporting the development of a final urban suitability map and, through it, identifying appropriate solutions for informal housing and avoiding various risks in the center of Dar Belamri, with the potential for application across other high-risk areas.
Keywords: urban planning, flood, slums, topography, land use, remote sensing
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 87; Downloads: 2
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74. International Dimension of Critical Infrastructure Resilience: Challenges of the Mediterranean Security EnvironmentDenis Čaleta, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The resilience of critical infrastructure (CI) has emerged as a defining challenge of the 21st century, accompanied by a growing recognition of its international and cross-border dimensions. Nowhere is this more evident than in the Mediterranean region, a region characterised by its strategic position at the crossroads of Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, its climatic vulnerability, and its socio-political diversity. This article explores the international dimension of CI resilience with a particular focus on the challenges and opportunities presented by the Mediterranean basin. The Mediterranean faces a convergence of threats that test the robustness and adaptability of infrastructures upon which societies depend. Climate-related hazards such as heatwaves, droughts, wildfires, and flooding increasingly disrupt energy, water, and transport systems. At the same time, cyber-physical threats associated with the digitalisation of energy grids, telecommunications networks, and maritime transport systems expose the region to sophisticated cyberattacks and cascading failures. These risks are further compounded by geopolitical instability, with conflicts, irregular migration flows, and the security of energy transit routes placing significant strain in national systems and cross-border cooperation. Drawing on European policy frameworks such as the CER Directive, the NIS2 Directive, the EU Civil Protection Mechanism, and the EU Strategy for Critical Infrastructure Resilience – as well as preparatory steps undertaken within the EU project ENDURANCE – this article argues that resilience in the Mediterranean requires both strategic integration and operational pragmatism. The analysis highlights the inadequacy of siloed, state-centric approaches and emphasises the need for cross-sectoral, cross-border, and community-level engagement. Case studies focusing on energy interconnectors, port infrastructures, and urban coastal resilience illustrate the interconnected vulnerabilities, as well as the opportunities for shared resilience building. The article concludes that enhancing CI resilience in the Mediterranean is not only a regional imperative but also a cornerstone of Europe's broader security and stability. It calls for harmonised strategies, stronger public-private partnerships, and innovative tools such as Digital Twins and regional stress-testing exercises, all embedded within a long-term vision of international cooperation.
Keywords: resilience, Mediterranean security environment, critical
infrastructure, sectorial interdependences, international cooperation, endurance
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 92; Downloads: 2
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75. Differentiated Integration and the Common Security and Defence Policy: Two Case Studies – MED7/MED9 and the Visegrad FourAnna Molnár, Anna Urbanovics, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyse the various forms of differentiated integration and to map the geopolitical intentions of two clearly identified groups of European Union Member States: those in Southern Europe (MED7 and MED9) and those in Central and Eastern Europe (the Visegrad Group), within the framework of permanent structured cooperation (PESCO). In the literature, differentiated integration is described in several ways. Terms such as core Europe, Europe à la carte, two-speed Europe or multi-speed Europe, enhanced cooperation, and variable geometry integration are commonly used. Although these terms are often treated as synonyms, these expressions refer to distinct forms of differentiated integration. This study focuses on two case studies of regional groupings within the EU. The central research question is how PESCO can facilitate differentiated integration in these subregional forms of cooperation and what types of differentiated integration emerge as a result. This paper does not assess the effectiveness of PESCO itself but instead examines statistical data concerning membership and leadership roles held by Member States. The research is based on official statements and publications relating to Member State collaboration, EU documents, and data published on the official PESCO website.
Keywords: European Union, differentiated integration, PESCO, Visegrad 4, MED7 and MED9
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 74; Downloads: 2
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76. Does Informality Deter Investment? An Empirical Analysis of FDI and the Informal Economy in EU and Candidate CountriesBernard Dosti, Arlind Maze, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study examines the relationship between the size of the informal economy and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows in EU member states and EU candidate countries in the Western Balkans, as part of the wider Mediterranean region. The analysis' central hypothesis is that informality deters FDI, owing to factors ranging from institutional quality to unfair competition. Using data for the period 1996–2020 and employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Fixed Effects (FE) estimations, our results indicate that a larger informal economy significantly reduces FDI inflows and outflows only in non-EU countries, with no statistically significant relationship found for EU member states. This finding persists even after controlling for institutional quality, suggesting that the documented impact of the informal economy on FDI is not mainly through institutional weakness but rather through other underlying market distortions that prevail in highly informal markets. These insights underline the need for future research to examine more closely how informality affects market conditions and investment behaviour.
Keywords: informal economy, foreign direct investment, EU membership, EU candidate countries
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 76; Downloads: 2
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77. Organizational Effectiveness in Emerging Markets: Insights from Macedonian SMEsIvona Mileva, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Although organizational effectiveness has been extensively studied in~developed countries, there is a lack of empirical data from emerging economies -- particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Previous research has often focused on individual determinants (such stress or turnover) without integrating objective financial indicators with subjective HR-related concerns. This study addresses that gap by examining key determinants of organizational effectiveness in Macedonian SMEs, including absenteeism, stress, job satisfaction, turnover, and financial performance metrics such as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). The study is grounded in social exchange theory (Organ 1977) and organizational effectiveness frameworks (Quinn and Rohrbaugh 1983; Zammuto 1984), which illustrate how objective financial indicators and subjective HR-related factors interact to influence SME effectiveness in emerging markets. The findings are based on survey data collected from 408 respondents across 30 Macedonian SMEs. A survey methodology was chosen for its ability to systematically gather employee perceptions and experiences from a representative sample of SMEs. The constructs were operationalized using established measures (e.g. COPSOQ II, ASQ, MOAQ-JSS), allowing for reliable assessment of psychosocial and organizational variables. The findings indicate that, compared to employees, leaders report significantly higher levels of both stress and job satisfaction. Although there are no gender differences in job satisfaction or intentions to leave, women report higher levels of workplace stress than men. Age-based evaluations show that employees aged 55 and older have higher absenteeism rates than those in the mid-career group, while younger employees report significantly higher intentions to leave. The lack of SME reporting has led to inconsistent financial metrics, highlighting the need for standardized transparency procedures in emerging economies. The study underscores the need for targeted HR strategies to enhance job satisfaction, reduce turnover, and foster a positive work environment. To provide a~more comprehensive view of organizational success in emerging markets, future research should place greater emphasis on incorporating financial performance metrics.
Keywords: organizational effectiveness, determinants, Macedonian SMEs, emergingmarkets
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 108; Downloads: 2
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78. Enhancing Intercultural Competence through Collaborative OnlineInternational Learning: A Case Study from Albania and LithuaniaAnisa Kume, Fatma Jaupi, Saulius Tvirbutas, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This paper contains a case study of the Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana (FEUT) and Kauno Kolegija's use of Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) in Lithuania. The program lasted five weeks in late 2024. Students collaborated across borders on virtual platforms and undertook assignments that were integrated into both institutions' curricula. The study used a mixed-methods approach involving pre- and post-surveys and qualitative introspection. It examines the effects of COIL on students' intercultural skills, online collaboration, and teamwork in international groups. The results show that COIL enhances students' sensitivity to cultural differences, increases their confidence when collaborating with peers from other countries, and improves online communication and problem-solving skills. The research also highlights the potential of COIL to offer inclusive and sustainable alternatives to classical physical mobility. By presenting an applied model of virtual collaboration, this study contributes to the existing literature on the internationalization of higher education through online teaching modalities.
Keywords: collaborative online international learning, intercultural competence, digital collaboration, higher education innovation, sustainable internationalization
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 131; Downloads: 2
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79. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Sustainability, Development, and Culture in theMediterranean and BeyondJaka Vadnjal, 2025, preface, editorial, afterword Keywords: sustainability, development, culture, Mediterranean
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 125; Downloads: 2
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80. Musicians, as an Important Building Block of Mediterranean Rural TourismAleksandra Govedarica, Kraljević Nataša, Lacmanović Darko, Lamut Urša, Ljubotina Predrag, Raspor Andrej, Rojko Bojan, Srdić Ajda, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This paper looks into the significant role of musicians in improving rural tourism offerings. Rural tourism is one of the main pillars of economic development and cultural preservation as it is a tool that provides jobs, improves the local quality of life, and supports the renovation of historic sites. Through their creativity, musicians safeguard and spread intangible cultural heritage, such as traditional music and dance, which positively influences the financial performance of rural tourism entrepreneurs. Music festivals and events in the countryside are also a great source of rural tourism. They bring in substantial revenue and help form a favourable image of the destination. The events in less-favoured areas have attracted visitors by diversifying tourism offerings and encouraging regional development. Despite this, their success is contingent upon good planning and proper organisation. The study investigates the influences of factors such as state support, proactivity, job satisfaction, luck, and personality traits on the success and development of musicians in Mediterranean countries, specifically in Slovenia and Montenegro. It has been revealed that including cultural resources in tourism strategies makes rural areas more attractive and competitive. Musicians thus play a crucial role in rural tourism by offering unique cultural experiences that lead to the sustainable development of rural areas.
Keywords: musicians, rural tourism, Mediterranean region, state support, self-confidence
Published in ReVIS: 09.06.2026; Views: 106; Downloads: 1
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