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Opis: Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced by the microbial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates, play an important role in the metabolism and physiology of the host. SCFAs are involved in the regulation of maternal metabolism during pregnancy and influence weight gain, glucose metabolism, and metabolic hormones. Methods: In 2017, women who were treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana were invited to participate in a longitudinal study. A total of 45 women were included in this study and comprehensively phenotyped. During the second and third trimester of pregnancy, the women with GDM provided fecal samples for SCFA analysis. The samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Results: SCFA concentrations in feces differed between overweight/obese and normal-weight women with GDM. Acetate and propionate concentrations were significantly higher in pregnant women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy compared to normal-weight women but butyrate concentrations were not. Butyrate was elevated in the third trimester in the group with excessive gestational weight gain. Conclusions: The relationship between SCFAs and obesity is complex, and the association between SCFAs and GDM remains to be clarified. Regardless of the conflicting publications on the role of SCFAs, our study showed that higher acetate and propionate levels were associated with the weight categories of overweight or obesity before pregnancy and higher butyrate levels were associated with excessive gestational weight gain.
Ključne besede: fecal SCFA, pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, preconception BMI, gestational weight gain
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 12.02.2025; Ogledov: 1065; Prenosov: 3
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Opis: Izhodišča: Poškodbe, nastale s strelnim orožjem, so glavni vzrok smrti, ki prizadene mladostnike in mlade odrasle po vsem svetu, zlasti v Ameriki. V mnogih pogledih so strelne rane le vrsta penetrantne poškodbe. Tako strelna kot vbodna rana spadata pod smernice za ravnanje s poškodbami. Strelne rane lahko razvrstimo na prestrel, zastrel in obstrel. Pri oskrbi strelne rane sta zaustavitev krvavitve in hemodinamska stabilnost poškodovanca glavna cilja. Krvavitve lahko zaustavimo s pritiskom na rano, kompresijsko obvezo ali Esmarchovo prevezo. Sama oskrba je odvisna od lokacije rane. Namen raziskave je analizirati standardizirane protokole nujne medicinske pomoči pri poškodovancih zaradi strelnega orožja. Skladno z namenom diplomske naloge smo oblikovali naslednje cilje: analizirati delež intervencij s strelnim orožjem, kjer je vzrok poskus samomora, analizirati delež intervencij s strelnim orožjem, kjer je vzrok nesreča, analizirati delež intervencij s strelnim orožjem, kjer je vzrok namerno škodovanje osebi, raziskati vlogo demografskih podatkov (spol, starost) glede na delež strelnih poškodb, ugotoviti delež intervencij, kjer so bile poškodbe s strelnim orožjem nezdružljive z življenjem, ugotoviti delež intervencij, pri katerih so bile poškodbe s strelnim orožjem življenjsko ogrožajoče, ugotoviti delež intervencij, pri katerih so bile poškodbe s strelnim orožjem lažje narave, ugotoviti najpogostejša anatomska mesta strelnih poškodb in analizirati delež intervencij v primerjavi z ostalimi intervencijami nujne medicinske pomoči. Metode: V raziskavi smo s pomočjo vnaprej pripravljene predloge analizirali statistiko poškodb, povzročenih s strelnim orožjem. Za statistično analizo podatkov v raziskavi smo uporabili kvantitativno metodo raziskovanja, ki je temeljila na neeksperimentalni kavzalni metodi dela. Uporabili smo predlogo za analizo virov, pridobljenih iz standardiziranih protokolov nujne medicinske pomoči Zdravstvenega doma Novo mesto. Pregledali smo vse protokole v obdobju od 1. 1. 2019 do 31. 12. 2023. Pregledali smo 4861 protokolov, od katerih smo v nadaljnjo analizo vključili 11 protokolov, ki so obravnavali poškodbo s strelnim orožjem. Analizo in prikaz podatkov smo opravili z Microsoft Excel 2018. Rezultati: V obdobju 2019–2023 je ekipa nujne medicinske pomoči obravnavala 11 primerov poškodb s strelnim orožjem, kar predstavlja 0,2 % vseh opravljenih intervencij. Ugotavljamo, da so poškodbo, povezano s strelnim orožjem, pogosteje utrpeli moški (n = 10; 90,9 %) in da se poškodba, povezana s strelnim orožjem, najpogosteje dogaja v starostnih obdobjih od 21 do 40 let in od 61 do 80 let. V več kot polovici primerov je strelno orožje povzročilo lažje poškodbe (n = 6; 54,5 %). Najpogostejši del poškodovanega telesa predstavlja glava (n = 7; 63,6 %), medtem ko je bilo pet poskusov samomora, pet primerov namernega škodovanja s strelnim orožjem in samo en primer nesreče. Razprava in zaključek: Poškodbe, povzročene s strelnim orožjem, sodijo med najkompleksnejša in najresnejša travmatološka stanja, saj zahtevajo hitro in natančno oceno ter intervencijo na terenu in med transportom v bolnišnico. Standardizirani protokoli so ključni za zagotavljanje enotnega pristopa k oskrbi poškodovancev, zmanjšanje možnosti napak, skrajšanje časa obravnave in izboljšanje izidov bolnikov. V analizi smo ugotovili, da so protokoli usmerjeni k obvladovanju kritičnih stanj, kot so huda krvavitev, poškodbe vitalnih organov in preprečevanje šoka, ter zajemajo tako specifične ukrepe obravnave na mestu dogodka kot tudi nadaljnje korake med transportom.
Ključne besede: strelno orožje, poškodba, protokoli nujne medicinske pomoči, nevarne situacije.
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 11.02.2025; Ogledov: 477; Prenosov: 22
Celotno besedilo (1,31 MB)

Opis: Recovery and resilience plan (RRP) approved by the European Commission fosters the development of lifelong learning programs to upgrade employees’ skills and knowledge for digital and green transitions. Within higher education, the field of information and communication technology (ICT) is also a priority area, so we compared the demographic variables of students enrolled in formal first-cycle higher education programs in ICT with those enrolled in lifelong ICT programs within the framework of the Advanced Computer Skills project funded by the RRP in Slovenia. The results show that formal firstcycle higher education in the field of ICT remains strongly male-dominated, whereas, among participants in lifelong learning, the percentage of females stands out. Bachelor programs in ICT are primarily enrolled by young people aged up to 24 years, while shorter universitybased lifelong learning programs attract mostly older participants with higher completed formal education and from a broader range of prior educational backgrounds. Finally, when all three variables (gender, age and level of prior formal education) are considered, participants in lifelong learning are much more similar to part-time students than full-time bachelor ICT students, although the percentage of men in formal education is still predominant even in part-time studies. The research findings highlight the need for further efforts to offer lifelong learning in ICT to enable individuals to improve their employment prospects, progress in the workplace or even change their field of work.
Ključne besede: higher education, ICT education, lifelong learning, gender divide, age differences, prior education, formal education
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 11.02.2025; Ogledov: 539; Prenosov: 2
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Opis: We introduce the concept of reflexibility, which merges the notion of reflexive thinking and responsible behaviour. It is based on Archer’s view on reflexivity, seeing it as the mediator between structure and agency and as the crucial component of social change. Reflexibility is seen as the leverage towards more favorable social conditions. As an analytical proxy for sustainable settings on a macro and micro level we take the idea of Society 5.0 which superimposes the industry 5.0. We analyze the dynamics of the emergence of Society 5.0 in the evolutionary context by considering historical and synchronic factors.
Ključne besede: reflexibility, sustainability, society 5.0, morphogenetic approach
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 11.02.2025; Ogledov: 487; Prenosov: 5
Celotno besedilo (446,38 KB)

Opis: Today's world resonates with increasing oscillation patterns, which are detectable in different timeframes and phase shifts. These oscillations can be detected in shorter or longer periods. Despite fears that computers would replace humans, there is a growing shortage of competent ICT experts. As technologies like High-Performance Computing (HPC), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Quantum Technologies (QT) advance rapidly, this shortage worsens, raising entry barriers. This chapter examines the colourful Danube region countries' challenges in attracting and retaining ICT talent. It compares countries' understanding of creativity, entrepreneurship, new emerging technologies, and competitiveness alongside their capacities to attract and retain skilled ICT professionals.
Ključne besede: tourism, real estate, tourism development, tourist destination, sustainable development goals
Objavljeno v ReVIS: 11.02.2025; Ogledov: 489; Prenosov: 4
Celotno besedilo (740,41 KB)