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Title:Institut izvršitelja kot zasebne osebe javnega prava : diplomsko delo
Authors:ID Breznik, Manja (Author)
ID Vlačič, Patrick (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf RAZ_Breznik_Manja_i2017.pdf (1,46 MB)
MD5: 7BB1C5FEF7F8E59B6F15EFFBEE81AD6A
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:EVRO-PF - Nova Univerza - European Faculty of Law
Abstract:Institut izvršitelja kot zasebne osebe javnega prava je institut, ki je bil v Republiki Sloveniji uveden leta 2000. Sam Zakon o izvršbi in zavarovanju (ZIZ), ki je glavna pravna podlaga izvršilnega prava, je bil tekom trajanja instituta noveliran kar dvanajstkrat. Delo izvršitelja je natančno določeno s Pravilnikom o delu izvršiteljev, obračunavanje njegovih dejanj pa s Pravilnikom o tarifi dela izvršiteljev. Poglavitna razlika prejšnjega sistema ter sedanje oblike instituta izvršitelja je pslovno delovanje, saj so sedaj izvšitelji zasebne osebe javnega prava, prej pa so bili javni uslužbenci. Izvršitelj spada med zasebne podjetnike, a dela na podlagi koncesije, dodeljene s stani pravosodnega ministrstva. Je uradna oseba, delo pa mu dodelijo upniki, preko okrajno pristojnih sodišč. Ko prejme sklep o izvršbi in sklep o določitvi upnika v delo, ga začne izvrševati po pravilih in postopkih, in to v roku 30 dni po prejemu. Cilj delovanja instituta je poplačilo upnika, ob istočasni dolžnosti spoštovati dolžnikovo integriteto ter njegovo premoženje. Najpogostejše neposredno dejanje izvršbe in zavarovanja, katerega opravlja izvršitelj je rubež premičnin ter kasneje poplačilo upnika s prodajo teh stvari. Izvršitelj lahko dejanja izvršbe in zavarovanja opravlja sam, ali pa ima zato pomočnike, ki so vpisani v register pomočnikov izvršitelja, katerega vodi ministrstvo, pristojno za pravosodje. Za svoje pomočnike je v celoti odgovoren izvršitelj. Izvršitelj preko javnih evidenc dostopa do podatkov o dolžniku in njegovem premoženju. Po vsakem opravljenem izvršilnem dejanju, mora o tem sestaviti zapisnik, katerega kasneje z vso dokumentacijo ter stroškovnikom pošlje upniku ter sodišču v vednost. V kolikor je izvedel uspešno dejanje rubež premičnin, te premičnine vpiše v javni register kot zarubljene, kar pomeni zastavno pravico upnika. Kasneje jih na 1. javni dražbi poskuša prodati, če tam ni kupcev, pa ima na voljo še razpis 2. javne dražbe, kjer je izklicna cena nižja do kar tretjine ocenjene vrednosti. Poleg rubeža dolžnikovih premičnin, izvršitelj opravlja tudi dejanja na nedenarne terjatve, kot je izpraznitev nepremičnin ali pa vrnitev delavca na delo. Nadzor nad njegovim delom vrši minister, pristojen za pravosodje, Okrajna sodišča preko predsednikov sodišč ter Zbornica izvršiteljev. Ena izmed najpomembnejših sprememb tekom delovanja instituta je uvedba instituta COVL (Centralni oddelek verodostojnih listin). S COVL-om se je postopek izvršbe pospešil ter poenostavil, s tem pa je povečal možnost poplačila upnikove terjatve. Uvedba instituta se je izkazala za uspešno, saj so se sodni zaostanki zmanjšali v celoti, razbremenili so se tudi sodniki, predvsem pa je izvršitelj postal podjetna oseba, kar posledično povečuje možnost uspešnosti, saj brez izkazane le-te ne bi uspel pridobiti novega upnika.
Keywords:izvršilni postopek, izvršba, upniki, dolžniki, diplomske naloge, bolonjski program
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Place of performance:Ljubljana
Publisher:[M. Breznik]
Year of publishing:2017
Year of performance:2017
Number of pages:III, 51 str.
PID:20.500.12556/ReVIS-4867 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:2053171126 New window
UDC:347.952(043.2)
Note:Dipl. delo 1. stopnje bolonjskega študija; univerzitetni študijski program Pravo I;
Publication date in ReVIS:17.08.2018
Views:3379
Downloads:157
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Secondary language

Language:English
Abstract:Executor as a private entity in public law is an institute, was introduced to Slovenia in 2000. The base for his work is Zakon o izvršbi in zavarovanju (ZIZ) that is actually the main legal base for enforcement law. ZIZ was changed 12 times through amendments from A to K. Executor's work is precisely defined with bylaws, such as Pravilnik o opravljanju službe izvršitelja, and Pravilnik o tarifi dela izvršiteljev for invoices and costs. The main difference between previous and current system of law execution is business engagement of executor himself, hence now, creditors can choose their own executor, no matter where his territorial jurisdiction should apply. Now, executors work as a private entity, but before they were employed on the court and worked as a bailiffs. Their work is based on concession, granted by the Ministry of Justice. He gets cases directly from the court as execution orders, but he is chosen by the creditor itself. Once, when he receives courts order, he must start executing it within thirty days. This institute is working to achieve creditors receivables, while at the same time, he must respect debtor's integrity and his belongings. Mostly used direct action of the executor is attachment of movables, and later on, repayment of debtor by selling these movables. Executor can work alone, or has assistants, that are confirmed by the Ministry of Justice and entered in the register, also ran by the Ministry of Justice. Executor helds full responsibilty for all the actions, made by his assistants or employees. Through public records he can, and he does access to debtors data, such as his address and/or belongings. After every action, executor must draw up a record and inform creditor and the court about what was done or intended to. If the action was successful, executor puts them in the national register of collected movables with security interest. After that, he is trying to sell them on the first and later on in procedure on the second public auction. Beside attachment of movables, executor also cares for non-cash recievables, such as forces eviction or return of employee to his work position. Execution's work is being controlled by the Minister of Justice, territorially jurisdicted courts and chamber of executors. Through all twelve amandments in the law, the COVL institute is the most important so far, because it sped up the whole execution procedure and made it easier, seeking to increase the possibility of creditor's reciveables being repayed. The change in legislation with implementing institute of execution was more than welcoming and successful, because backlog of court's cases was removed, judges were relieved, but mostly, the executor became a businessman, hence increase of a possibility of success, because without success, he would not be able to get more creditors to chose him in the future.


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